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美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅
美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅
美国大都会艺术博物馆中的24万件展品,图片展示以及中文和英文双语介绍(中文翻译仅供参考)
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品名(中)切开的马额雕成一棵开花的螺旋形棕榈树
品名(英)Incised horse frontlet carved into the shape of a flowering, volute palmette tree
入馆年号1960年,60.145.3
策展部门古代近东艺术Ancient Near Eastern Art
创作者
创作年份公元前 900 - 公元前 700
创作地区
分类
尺寸4.21 x 2.2 x 2.09 英寸 (10.69 x 5.59 x 5.31 厘米)
介绍(中)这块象牙色的牌匾被雕刻成一个从宽阔的茎上长出的开花的卷状掌纹。冠状的花卉装饰包括卷状物、叶子和中心的椭圆形花蕾,所有这些都用切口勾勒出来。茎在柱头正下方装饰着两条空白带,下边缘有一条额外的流苏带。在这件作品的下边缘钻了六个洞,这表明它被固定在另一种材料上,可能是一种没有幸存下来的纺织品或皮革背衬。最初,这件作品可能被用作马头,一种装饰马前额的马术缰绳装饰物。在尼姆鲁德发现了超过200件象牙和石膏雪花石膏的马术缰绳装饰物。大多数,包括这顶小胸甲,都是在Shalmaneser堡的一个大储藏室(SW 37室)中发现的,这是Nimrud的一座皇家建筑,可能是用来存放亚述人在军事行动中收集的贡品和战利品的。尽管在新亚述宫殿浮雕中展示了戴着马术缰绳装饰物的马,但不可能知道浮雕中的装饰物是用来代表象牙制品还是更耐用的材料,如青铜或铁。像这样的象牙制品可能在仪式上被用作还愿词,或作为游行的服饰,而不是在战斗中

尼姆鲁德的宫殿和储藏室由亚述国王阿舒尔纳西尔帕尔二世建造,存放着数千件雕刻的象牙。象牙大多用作家具镶嵌物或盒子等小型贵重物品。虽然其中一些象牙的雕刻风格与西北宫墙壁上的大型亚述浮雕相同,但大多数象牙都展示了与北叙利亚和腓尼基城邦艺术有关的图像和风格。腓尼基风格的象牙的特点是使用了与埃及艺术相关的图像,如狮身人面像和戴法老王冠的人物,以及使用了精细的雕刻技术,如透雕和彩色玻璃镶嵌。北叙利亚风格的象牙往往以更具活力的构图描绘更敦实的人物,雕刻成实心牌匾,添加的装饰元素较少。然而,有些单品不容易融入这三种风格中的任何一种。大部分象牙可能是亚述国王从诸侯国收集的贡品,以及被征服的敌人的战利品,而一些象牙可能是在尼姆鲁德的作坊中制造的。为这些物品提供原材料的象牙几乎可以肯定来自从埃及南部进口的非洲象,尽管大象确实栖息在叙利亚的几个河谷中,直到公元前八世纪末被猎杀灭绝。
介绍(英)This ivory plaque is carved into the form of a flowering, voluted palmette emerging from a wide stalk. The crowning floral ornamentation includes volutes, leaves, and a central, oval bud, all outlined with incision. The stalk is ornamented with two blank bands just below the floral capital, with an additional, fringed band bordering the lower edge. The six holes drilled into the lower edge of this piece and suggest that it was fastened to another material, perhaps a textile or leather backing that has not survived. Originally, this piece was probably used as a frontlet, an equestrian bridle-harness ornament which adorned a horse’s forehead. Over two hundred ivory and gypsum alabaster equestrian bridle-harness ornaments have been found at Nimrud. The majority, including this frontlet, were found in a large storeroom (Room SW 37) at Fort Shalmaneser, a royal building at Nimrud that was probably used to store tribute and booty collected by the Assyrians while on military campaign. Although horses wearing equestrian bridle-harness ornaments are shown in Neo-Assyrian palace reliefs, it is not possible to know whether the ornaments in the reliefs were meant to represent work in ivory or in more durable materials such as bronze or iron. Ivory pieces like this one may have been used ceremonially, as votive dedications, or as processional regalia, rather than in battle.

Built by the Assyrian king Ashurnasirpal II, the palaces and storerooms of Nimrud housed thousands of pieces of carved ivory. Most of the ivories served as furniture inlays or small precious objects such as boxes. While some of them were carved in the same style as the large Assyrian reliefs lining the walls of the Northwest Palace, the majority of the ivories display images and styles related to the arts of North Syria and the Phoenician city-states. Phoenician style ivories are distinguished by their use of imagery related to Egyptian art, such as sphinxes and figures wearing pharaonic crowns, and the use of elaborate carving techniques such as openwork and colored glass inlay. North Syrian style ivories tend to depict stockier figures in more dynamic compositions, carved as solid plaques with fewer added decorative elements. However, some pieces do not fit easily into any of these three styles. Most of the ivories were probably collected by the Assyrian kings as tribute from vassal states, and as booty from conquered enemies, while some may have been manufactured in workshops at Nimrud. The ivory tusks that provided the raw material for these objects were almost certainly from African elephants, imported from lands south of Egypt, although elephants did inhabit several river valleys in Syria until they were hunted to extinction by the end of the eighth century B.C.
  大都会艺术博物馆,英文 Metropolitan Museum of Art,是美国最大的艺术博物馆,世界著名博物馆,位于美国纽约第五大道的82号大街。
  大都会博物馆回顾了人类自身的文明史的发展,与中国北京的故宫、英国伦敦的大英博物馆、法国巴黎的卢浮宫、俄罗斯圣彼得堡的艾尔米塔什博物馆并称为世界五大博物馆。