头饰 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	头饰
品名（英）	Headdress
入馆年号	1933年，33.35.3
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 2600 - 公元前 2500
创作地区
分类
尺寸	长 15 1/8 英寸 (38.5 厘米)
介绍（中）	在早期王朝时期（公元前2900-2350年），国王和贵族变得越来越强大，独立于寺庙权威，尽管国王统治的成功被认为取决于神的支持。衡量皇室财富的一个引人注目的指标是乌尔市的墓地，伦纳德·伍利爵士在 1920 年代和 1930 年代挖掘了 16 座皇家陵墓。这些坟墓包括一个供国王或王后使用的拱形墓室，一个相邻的坑，其中埋葬了多达七十四名侍从，以及一个从地面通向坟墓的坡道。这个精致的金叶由青金石和红玉髓珠隔开，装饰着所谓的国王墓中一位女侍者的额头。此外，被埋葬的侍从还戴着金项链和青金石项链、金发带和银发环。由于在美索不达米亚没有发现金、银、青金石和红玉髓，皇家陵墓中这些丰富的装饰品的存在证明了早期王朝国王的财富以及远远超出美索不达米亚河流域的复杂贸易体系的存在。
介绍（英）	Kings and nobles became increasingly powerful and independent of temple authority during the course of the Early Dynastic period (2900–2350 B.C.), although the success of a king's reign was considered to depend on support from the gods. A striking measure of royal wealth was the cemetery in the city of Ur, in which sixteen royal tombs were excavated in the 1920s and 1930s by Sir Leonard Woolley. These tombs consisted of a vaulted burial chamber for the king or queen, an adjoining pit in which as many as seventy-four attendants were buried, and a ramp leading into the grave from the ground. This delicate chaplet of gold leaves separated by lapis lazuli and carnelian beads adorned the forehead of one of the female attendants in the so-called King's Grave. In addition, the entombed attendants wore necklaces of gold and lapis lazuli, gold hair ribbons, and silver hair rings. Since gold, silver, lapis, and carnelian are not found in Mesopotamia, the presence of these rich adornments in the royal tomb attests to the wealth of the Early Dynastic kings as well as to the existence of a complex system of trade that extended far beyond the Mesopotamian River valley.