流程交叉 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	流程交叉
品名（英）	Processional Cross
入馆年号	2008年，2008.502
策展部门	迈克尔·洛克菲勒之翼（The Michael C. Rockefeller Wing）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1075 - 公元 1325
创作地区	埃塞俄比亚（Ethiopia）
分类	金属装饰品（Metal-Ornaments）
尺寸	高 12 7/16 x 宽 5 7/16 x 深 1 英寸 (31.6 x 13.8 x 2.5 厘米)
介绍（中）	至少从公元四世纪起，十字架就被用作埃塞俄比亚东正教虔诚的象征，具有象征意义和保护力。个别赞助人委托像本例这样的十字架作为虔诚行为赠送给宗教机构。在这里，中心的三叶交叉被大量向外突出的图案交叉放大，这些图案表明有机茂盛。开口既美观又实用，既能突出物体复杂的轮廓，又能最大限度地减轻其重量。这个十字架是拉斯塔地区博物馆收藏的最早的十字架，与拉利贝拉后来的岩石凿成的教堂是同时代的。与该遗址的其他十字架和典型建筑元素一样，这个十字架展示了分裂的棕榈图案。掌骨从其底部的圆形关节延伸，形成两个相对的半月形，在主十字架的上限和侧面围绕着一个图案十字架。这一主题暗示了十字架是生命之树，也暗示了四只动物翅膀上承载的基督的神圣光环。复杂的配置将这个十字架与巴尔的摩沃尔特斯美术馆的游行十字架联系在一起，但这里的设计更优雅，执行更清晰，分辨率更高 Kristen Windmuller Luna，2014年
介绍（英）	Imbued with symbolic meaning and protective powers, crosses have been used as a sign of Ethiopian Orthodox Christian devotion since at least the fourth century A.D. Individual patrons commissioned crosses such as this example to give to religious institutions as acts of devotion. Here, the central trifoliate cross is amplified by a multiplicity of outwardly projecting pattée crosses that suggest organic luxuriance. The openings are both aesthetic and functional, heightening the object’s intricate silhouette while minimizing its weight. The earliest in the Museum’s collection from the Lasta region, this cross is contemporary with the later rock-hewn churches at Lalibela. Like other crosses and architectural elements typical at that site, this cross exhibits the split palmette motif. The palmette extends from circular joints at its base to form two opposed half-lunettes surrounding a pattée cross at the upper limits and sides of the primary cross. This motif alludes to the cross as the Tree of Life as well as to the divine aureole of Christ borne on the wings of the Four Beasts. The complex configuration relates this cross to a processional cross in the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore, but here the design is more elegantly attenuated and the execution is crisper and more sharply resolved. Kristen Windmuller-Luna, 2014