一对箍筋 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	一对箍筋
品名（英）	Pair of Stirrups
入馆年号	1942年，42.50.440–441
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1801 - 公元 1900
创作地区	原产国: 智利（Country of Origin: Chile）
分类	马术设备箍筋（Equestrian Equipment-Stirrups）
尺寸	42.50.440; 高 10 英寸 (25.4 厘米); 宽 9 英寸 (22.9 厘米); 深 4 英寸 (10.2 厘米); 重 2 磅 13.4 盎司 (1287.1 g); 42.50.441; 高 10 英寸 (25.4 厘米); 宽 9 英寸 (22.9 厘米); 深 4 1/2 英寸 (11.4 厘米); 重 2 磅 13.6 盎司 (1292.7 g)
介绍（中）	这些巨大、沉重、精致的马普切马镫可能被用于仪式和仪式，在仪式和仪式中，马被装饰着华丽的马镫。它们的总体形状灵感来自阿根廷campana马镫，后者是从18世纪的欧洲类型演变而来的雕刻的几何图案指的是马普切人的象征主义和宇宙观。带十字架的圆圈代表meli witran mapu（字面意思是四个地方的土地），世界的四个部分。下边缘有一个中心点的圆圈可能代表太阳或星星，皇冠形状的符号可能代表卢卡图韦或第一人的头部，就像他出现在许多马普切纺织品上一样。心形和叶形图案是其他传统设计，而马镫每个角落的四个尖头底座代表着神圣的空间和与神灵的交流马普切人是今天智利中南部和阿根廷西南部的土著居民。马普切人是凶猛的战士，从未被印加人或西班牙人打败，马普切的土地直到1883年才被征服。1551年第一次与西班牙人相遇后不久，他们就将这匹马用于战争，在本世纪末之前，他们有几个有组织的骑兵中队。这种动物很快成为马普切人传统生活的重要组成部分。
介绍（英）	These large, heavy, and elaborate Mapuche stirrups may have been used for rituals and ceremonies in which horses were adorned with richly adorned tack. Their general shape draws inspiration from Argentinian campana stirrups, which evolved from 18th-century European types. The carved geometric designs refer to Mapuche symbolism and cosmogony. The circle with the cross represents meli witran mapu (literally the land of the four places), the four parts of the world. The circles with a central dot, on the lower rim, may be representations of the sun or stars and the crown-shaped symbols may represent the head of Lukutuwe, or the First Man, as he appears on many Mapuche textiles. Hearts and leaf-shaped motifs are other traditional designs, while the four pointed mounts at each corner of the stirrup represent sacred spaces and communication with deities. The Mapuches are indigenous inhabitants of present-day south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina. Mapuches were fierce warriors, never defeated by the Incas or Spanish, and the Mapuche lands were conquered only in 1883. They adopted the horse for war very shortly after their first encounter with the Spanish in 1551, and before the end of the century they had several organized squadrons of cavalry. The animal then soon became an important part of traditional Mapuche life.