[植物标本] - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	[植物标本]
品名（英）	[Botanical Specimen]
入馆年号	1999年，2005.100.840
策展部门	摄影（Photographs）
创作者	William Henry Fox Talbot【1800 至 1877】【英国人】
创作年份	公元 1833 - 公元 1837
创作地区
分类	照片（Photographs）
尺寸	页: 7 3/8 × 4 7/16 英寸 (18.8 × 11.3 厘米), irregularly tri毫米ed
介绍（中）	这种植物标本的转瞬即逝的痕迹是已知最早的照片之一，可以追溯到威廉·亨利·福克斯·塔尔博特（William Henry Fox Talbot）对仅由光和化学作用产生的图像进行的第一个实验时期。这些最早成功的试验是无相机的图像 - 我们今天称之为摄影图。在这里，植物本身直接放在一张光敏纸上，阻挡阳光使它覆盖的部分变暗，从而留下其形状的浅色印象。为了制作他上镜的图画（他称之为发明），塔尔博特使用了精心挑选的书写纸，上面涂有一层薄薄的盐，并刷上硝酸银溶液。这张纸的淡紫色调是他早期版画的特征，其中使用普通盐在曝光后稳定摄影图像。叶子、蕨类植物、草和其他植物通常是这些早期上镜图画的主题，因为塔尔博特是一位严肃而热情的业余植物学家，他设想准确记录这些标本是他发明的重要实际应用之一。
介绍（英）	This evanescent trace of a botanical specimen is among the earliest photographs known, dating from William Henry Fox Talbot's first period of experimentation with images produced solely by the action of light and chemistry. These earliest successful trials were cameraless images--what today we would call photograms. Here the plant itself was laid directly on top of a sheet of photosensitized paper, blocking the rays of the sun from darkening those portions it covered and thus leaving a light impression of its form. To make his photogenic drawings (as he called this invention), Talbot used carefully selected writing paper prepared with a light coating of salt and brushed with a solution of silver nitrate. The lilac tone of this sheet is characteristic of his early prints, in which common salt was used to stabilize the photographic image after exposure. Leaves, ferns, grasses, and other plants were often the subject of these early photogenic drawings, for Talbot was a serious and enthusiastic amateur botanist and he envisioned the accurate recording of such specimens to be among the important practical applications of his invention.