带有荷马《奥德赛》台词的纸莎草碎片 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	带有荷马《奥德赛》台词的纸莎草碎片
品名（英）	Papyrus fragment with lines from Homer's Odyssey
入馆年号	1909年，09.182.50
策展部门	希腊和罗马艺术（Greek and Roman Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 285 - 公元前 250
创作地区
分类	其他纸莎草（Miscellaneous-Papyrus）
尺寸	7 1/2 英寸 (19.1 厘米)
介绍（中）	对于古希腊人来说，纸莎草纸是一种由纸莎草植物的茎制成的纸，是记录永久文字的首选材料，例如婚姻合同或书籍。在纸莎草纸上书写是用手写笔完成的，例如带有分点的削尖芦苇或带有笔尖的青铜笔和墨水，通常由水中的油烟制成。这是迄今为止发现的第一个早期托勒密的奥德赛碎片。它包含第 20 卷中的三行，这些行在今天保存的标准文本中没有出现，并且是公元前三世纪存在这部著名作品的本地变体这一事实的物理证明。希腊化世界中最重要的荷马文本库是在埃及亚历山大的图书馆，有史以来第一个综合性公共图书馆，由托勒密国王于公元前三世纪初建立。由于荷马是杰出的诗人，他的作品是图书馆藏品的核心，其中包括来自许多不同城邦的荷马诗歌的副本，包括希俄斯、阿尔戈斯和锡诺普。亚历山大学者的最初努力之一是为这些最珍贵的希腊文学作品建立一个标准文本。
介绍（英）	For the ancient Greeks, papyrus, a paper made from the stalks of the papyrus plant, was the preferred material on which to record permanent writings, such as a marriage contract or, as here, a book. Writing on papyrus was done with a stylus, such as a sharpened reed with a split point or a bronze pen with nib, and ink, usually made of lampblack in water. This is the first early Ptolemaic fragment of the Odyssey ever discovered. It contains three lines from Book 20 that do not occur in the standard text preserved today and is a physical testimony to the fact that local variations of this famous work existed in the third century B.C. The most important repository of Homeric texts in the Hellenistic world was at the library of Alexandria, Egypt, the first comprehensive public library ever built, which was founded by the Ptolemaic kings in the early third century B.C. As Homer was the poet par excellence, his work was central to the library's collections, which contained copies of the Homeric poems from many different city-states, including Chios, Argos, and Sinope. One of the first endeavors of the Alexandrian scholars was to establish a standard text for these most cherished works of Greek literature.