玛丽亚·特蕾莎皇后的泰勒 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	玛丽亚·特蕾莎皇后的泰勒
品名（英）	Thaler of Empress Maria Theresa
入馆年号	2010年，2010.266
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者	Günzburg Mint
创作年份	公元 1780
创作地区
分类	硬币（Coins）
尺寸	2.5 x 39.5 毫米, 26.067g
介绍（中）	正面的拉丁文铭文是：M[ARIA]THERISIA D[EI]G[RATIA]R[OMANORVM]IMP[ERATRIX]HV[NGARIAE]BO[HHEMIAE]REG[INA]（玛利亚·特蕾莎，上帝保佑，罗马女皇，匈牙利和波希米亚女王）。这枚硬币继续由奥地利铸币局铸造，日期定在1780年。它直径1.5英寸，厚约十分之一英寸，重量不到一盎司，含有约五分之四盎司的细银。它的成色（或银纯度比）为833:1000。 "thaler"一词（来自德语thal，或"valley"）成为一种约一盎司重的大型银币的通用名称。它演变成了一种广为人知的货币标准，16世纪后，这个词被应用于欧洲基本的银币。后来，它被改编为美国的货币单位（以白银计）：美元附近两个银制葡萄酒冷却器（目录编号31a）的总重量约为434塔勒（不考虑不同的金属纯度）。在十八世纪，织布工或织布工每年的收入约为150塔勒；一位大学教授，他被要求在课堂上穿着得体，并购买书籍以保持自己的教育水平，约400本。1779年，当第二届萨克森-泰申银会开始时，沃尔夫冈·阿马德乌斯·莫扎特在萨尔茨堡担任"宫廷管风琴师和音乐会指挥"，年薪225塔勒。因此，这两个葡萄酒冷却器中的银量大约相当于年轻的莫扎特两年的工资。
介绍（英）	The legend in Latin on the obverse reads: M[ARIA] THERESIA D[EI] G[RATIA] R[OMANORVM] IMP[ERATRIX] HV[NGARIAE] BO[HEMIAE] REG[INA] (Maria Theresa, by the Grace of God, Empress of the Romans, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia). This coin continues to be struck by the Austrian Mint with the date set at 1780. It is one and one half inches in diameter, about a tenth of an inch thick, weighs just under one ounce, and contains approximately four-fifths of an ounce of fine silver. It has a fineness (or silver purity ratio) of 833:1000. The word "thaler" (from the German thal, or “valley”) became a generic name for a large silver coin weighing about an ounce. It evolved into a widely known currency standard, and after the sixteenth century the term was applied to basic European silver coinage. It was adapted later as the monetary unit (in silver) of the United States: the dollar. The combined weight of the two silver wine coolers (cat. no. 31a) nearby is about 434 thalers (not taking the different metal purity into account). In the eighteenth century, a weaver or cloth maker earned about 150 thalers a year; a university professor, who was required to dress appropriately for class and purchase books to maintain his educational standards, about 400. In 1779, when the Second Sachsen-Teschen Silver Service was begun, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was working in Salzburg as “court organist and concertmaster,” with an annual salary of 225 thalers. Thus, the amount of silver in these two wine coolers represents roughly two years of the young Mozart’s salary.