带Scabbard的鹦鹉匕首 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	带Scabbard的鹦鹉匕首
品名（英）	Parrying Dagger with Scabbard
入馆年号	1904年，04.3.53a, b
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1625 - 公元 1700
创作地区	原产国: 意大利, 可能是那不勒斯（Country of Origin: Italy, probably Naples）
分类	匕首（Daggers）
尺寸	长 (without scabbard) 23 1/2 英寸 (59.7 厘米); 长 of blade 18 5/8 英寸 (47.29 厘米); 宽 of blade 7/16 英寸 (1.1 厘米); 长 of quillon 10 1/4 英寸 (26 厘米); 宽 of ricasso 1 9/16 英寸 (4 厘米); 深 of blade 3/8 英寸 (0.9 厘米); 重 (without scabbard) 1 磅 (454 g)
介绍（中）	从16世纪初开始，穿着便服佩戴剑或剑的做法使无对手之间的决斗更加普遍。由于缺乏战斗中所穿的盔甲或盾牌，战斗人员不得不通过其他方式阻挡或躲避攻击。防御方法包括使用左手持有的匕首或匕首（小盾牌），以及增加对用剑杆本身制造的鹦鹉的依赖在十六世纪和十七世纪，不同的击剑流派在意大利、法国、德国和西班牙迅速发展。击剑艺术和科学教学成为贵族教育不可或缺的一部分。因此，有成就的击剑大师被聘请到欧洲的主要球场和大学任教从大约1525年到大约1625年，剑杆与挡匕首经常同时佩戴。它们有时被制作成一套，并被装饰成一套。然而，到了17世纪中叶，由于精细的击剑技术和更轻、更小的剑杆的发展，单用剑杆进行防守已成为首选方式。除了意大利南部和西班牙，大多数左手挡都被放弃了，在那里，挡匕首一直流行到18世纪。
介绍（英）	From the early sixteenth century onward, the practice of wearing a sword or rapier with civilian dress made duels between unarmored opponents more common. Lacking the armor or shield worn in battle, combatants had to block or parry an attack by other means. Methods of defense included the use of a dagger or a buckler (small shield) held in the left hand and an increased reliance on parries made with the rapier itself. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, distinct schools of fencing developed rapidly in Italy, France, Germany, and Spain. Instruction in the art and science of fencing became an indispensable part of a nobleman’s education. Consequently, accomplished fencing masters were hired to teach at the principal courts and universities of Europe. From about 1525 to about 1625, the rapier was worn regularly in tandem with a parrying dagger. They were sometimes made and decorated as a set. By the mid-seventeenth century, however, parrying with the rapier blade alone had become the preferred style as a result of the development of refined fencing techniques and lighter, smaller rapiers. Most forms of left-hand parries were abandoned, except in southern Italy and Spain, where parrying daggers remained popular well into the eighteenth century.