荷兰人和仆人 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	荷兰人和仆人
品名（英）	Dutchman with a Servant
入馆年号	2015年，2015.500.9.45
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者	Kawahara Keiga【1786 至 1860】【日本人】
创作年份	公元 1800 - 公元 1833
创作地区
分类	绘画（Paintings）
尺寸	图像: 19 3/4 x 9 7/8 英寸 (50.2 x 25.1 厘米)
介绍（中）	这幅画的灵感来自17世纪50年代的一幅名为"Hollander"（Orandajin no zu）的早期版画，该版画由长崎的出版商Hariya制作，长崎是江户时代大部分时间唯一允许外国人进入日本的港口。这幅版画后来成为了无数荷兰人物版画和绘画的模板，它将这位衣着光鲜、有着明亮蓝色眼睛和卷曲金色长发的人物识别为kapitan，指的是德岛（长崎海岸）荷兰工厂的经理opperhoofd。他吹着一根长长的陶土管，提醒我们烟草及其消费是16世纪中后期从欧洲进口的，后来在当地种植。这个妓女穿着紧身紧身裤和荷兰殖民者的一件过于花哨的长夹克，这件夹克是由当地裁缝在亚洲制造的。在早期的印刷品中，他手持阳伞的爪哇仆人被称为kurobō，这是一个贬义词，用于指在东印度群岛被绑架的黑奴。虽然没有署名，但这幅作品采用了细致但僵硬的西方绘画风格，与德岛荷兰社区最多产的肖像画家川原敬贺有关。
介绍（英）	This is painting was inspired by an early print of the 1750s entitled “Hollander” (Orandajin no zu) that was produced by the publisher Hariya in Nagasaki, the only port foreigners were allowed to enter Japan for most of the Edo period. That print, which became a template for countless subsequent prints and paintings of Dutch figures, identifies the dandily dressed figure with bright blue eyes and long, curly blond hair as the kapitan, referring to the opperhoofd, the manager of the Dutch factory on the island of Deshima (off the shore of Nagasaki). He puffs on a long clay pipe, reminding us that tobacco and its consumption was an insidious import from Europe in the mid to late sixteenth century, and then was grown locally. The opperhoofd wears tight leggings and an overly fancy long jacket of Dutch colonialists, manufactured in Asia by local tailors. His Javanese servant holding the parasol in the early print is referred to as a kurobō, a derogatory term used for black slaves abducted in the East Indies. Though not signed, the work is in the meticulous but stiff Western style of painting associated with Kawahara Keiga, the most prolific portraitist of the Dutch community in Deshima.