四个单色碗 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	四个单色碗
品名（英）	Four monochrome bowls
入馆年号	1913年，13.198.1–.3, 1972.118.185
策展部门	希腊和罗马艺术（Greek and Roman Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1 - 公元 50
创作地区
分类	玻璃（Glass）
尺寸	13.198.1: 高: 1 5/8 英寸 (4.1 厘米), 直径: 3 1/8 英寸 (8 厘米) 13.198.2: 高: 1 3/8 英寸 (3.5 厘米), 直径: 2 13/16 英寸 (7.1 厘米) 13.198.3: 高: 1 3/16 英寸 (3 厘米), 直径: 2 11/16 英寸 (6.8 厘米) 1978.118.185: 高: 1 5/8 英寸 (4.1 厘米)
介绍（中）	13.198.1：不透明的深红色。水平边缘，外边缘不均匀;半球体的凸弯曲侧;平底由内向外张开的基环，边缘圆润。完整;表面气泡点蚀，内部暗淡，绿色风化，内部、基环和底部有斑块的棕色结壳。 13.198.2：不透明的玉绿色。水平轮辋，外边缘圆润;半球体的凸弯曲侧，外表面不平整;平底由内向外张开的基环，边缘圆润。完好无损，除了轮辋上有一个小的风化芯片;针刺气泡点蚀，内环内和底部钝;乳棕色风化和内部彩虹色。内部和底部有旋转研磨痕迹。 13.198.3：不透明白色。边缘外展，边缘棱角分明;凸弯曲面;底部凸起，基环略微张开，边缘圆润。完好无损，除了轮辋下侧的小风化切屑;点蚀、暗淡和乳棕色风化覆盖整个内部以及大部分基环和底部。 1972.118.185：不透明的白色，呈现半透明。薄水平边缘，外边缘圆润;半球体的凸弯曲侧;底部略凸，内向外张开基环，边缘圆润。完好无损，除了边缘有一个微小的风化芯片;针刺和较大的气泡点蚀，暗淡和小块奶油棕色风化。这四个碗代表了一种早期的帝国玻璃器皿，在公元一世纪初受到罗马精英的特别青睐。它们的形状让人联想到当时流行的金属和陶器形式，其典型的棱角分明的轮廓是在车床上塑造的。虽然这种形状的器皿也存在于马赛克玻璃中，但这些不透明的例子与半透明玻璃中的单色碗（17.194.155;91.1.1238;81.10.128;29.100.84）密切相关，后者享有更长的受欢迎程度，并继续生产到公元一世纪后期。单色设计的简单优雅预示着罗马人对第一世纪和第二世纪半透明、最终无色商品的偏爱。
介绍（英）	13.198.1: Opaque dark red. Horizontal rim with uneven outer edge; convex curving side to hemispherical body; flat bottom inside outsplayed base ring with rounded edge. Intact; pitting of surface bubbles, dulling on interior, green weathering with patches of overlying brown encrustation on interior, base ring, and bottom. 13.198.2: Opaque jade green. Horizontal rim with rounded outer edge; convex curving side to hemispherical body with uneven exterior surface; flat bottom inside outsplayed base ring with rounded edge. Intact, except for one small weathered chip in rim; pitting of pinprick bubbles, dulling on interior and on bottom inside base ring; creamy brown weathering and iridescence on interior. Rotary grinding marks on interior and bottom. 13.198.3: Opaque white. Outsplayed rim with angular outward edge; convex curving side; convex bottom within slightly outsplayed base ring with rounded edge. Intact, except for small weathered chip in underside of rim; pitting, dulling, and creamy brown weathering covering whole of interior and most of base ring and bottom. 1972.118.185: Opaque white, appearing semi-translucent. Thin horizontal rim with rounded outer edge; convex curving side to hemispherical body; slightly convex bottom inside outsplayed base ring with rounded edge. Intact, except for one tiny weathered chip in rim; pitting of pinprick and larger bubbles, dulling and small patches of creamy brown weathering. These four bowls represent a type of early imperial glassware that found particular favor with the Roman elite in the early first century A.D. Their shape is reminiscent of metal and pottery forms also popular at the time, and their characteristically angular profiles were fashioned on a lathe. Although vessels of this shape are also found in mosaic glass, these opaque examples are closely related to monochrome bowls in translucent glass (17.194.155; 91.1.1238; 81.10.128; 29.100.84), which enjoyed a longer popularity and continued to be produced well into the late first century A.D. The simple elegance of the monochrome design foreshadows the Roman preference for translucent, and eventually colorless, wares in the first and second centuries.