人头心脏圣甲虫 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	人头心脏圣甲虫
品名（英）	Heart Scarab with a Human Head
入馆年号	1930年，30.8.1080
策展部门	埃及艺术（Egyptian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 1550 - 公元前 1070
创作地区	来自于: 埃及（From: Egypt）
分类
尺寸	长 6.5 × 宽 3.9 × 高 2.5 厘米 (2 9/16 × 1 9/16 × 1 英寸)
介绍（中）	心脏圣甲虫是非常受欢迎的护身符。它们位于木乃伊的胸部，通常呈大型金龟甲的形状（这是再生的象征）。偶尔，甲虫的头部会被人类的头部取代。对古埃及人来说，心不仅是生活的中心，也是思维、记忆和道德价值观的中心。死亡后，人们认为心脏与秩序和正义的原则相权衡，以确定死者是否过上了公正的生活。只有在这种情况下，他或她才能在死后继续生活可以理解的是，埃及人害怕消极的结果，并使用特殊的护身符来确保做出积极的判断。心脏圣甲虫平坦的下侧通常刻有《亡灵书》第30B章，即所谓的心脏圣甲虫咒语，它神奇地"防止心脏产生对立"，并指示死者的心脏不要对其主人撒谎。这个咒语刻在十条水平线上；不包括所有者的姓名这只圣甲虫的下侧有两个洞，这一细节在其他人头心脏圣甲虫中也有发现。据推测，这些是用来把圣甲虫绑在绳子上的。圣甲虫有一个额外的镀金金属边缘，顶部有一个用于悬挂的大环。这一设置采用了心形，可能是在稍晚的时候添加的，覆盖了下侧的部分象形文字。
介绍（英）	Heart scarabs were very popular amulets. Positioned on the chest of the mummy, they usually take the shape of a large scarab beetle (which was a symbol of regeneration). Occasionally, the beetle’s head is replaced with that of a human. For the ancient Egyptians the heart was not only the center of life, but also of thinking, memory, and moral values. After death the heart was thought to be weighed against maat – the principle of order and justice in order to determine if the deceased had lived a just life. Only if that was the case, was he or she allowed to live on in the afterlife. Understandably, the Egyptians feared a negative outcome and special amulets were used to ensure a positive judgment. The flat underside of a heart scarab is usually inscribed with chapter 30B of the Book of the Dead, the so-called heart scarab spell that magically “prevents the heart from creating opposition” and in which the deceased’s heart is directed not to tell lies about its owner. Here this spell is inscribed in ten horizontal lines; the name of the owner is not included. The underside of this scarab features two holes, a detail found in other human-headed heart scarabs as well. Presumably these were used to fasten the scarab onto a string. The scarab received an additional, gilded metal rim with a large loop for suspension at the top. This setting takes the shape of a heart and may have been added slightly later and covers parts of the hieroglyphs on the underside.