水壶 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	水壶
品名（英）	Kettledrum
入馆年号	1889年，89.4.1339
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1701 - 公元 1800
创作地区	德国（Germany）
分类	单头/水壶鼓（Membranophone-single-headed / kettle drum）
尺寸	高 1 ft. 5 英寸, 直径 1 ft. 11-1/2 英寸
介绍（中）	传统上，成对的壶铃与编号均匀的喇叭配对，用于军事和仪式。鼓是由音乐家协会的成员用木槌演奏的，他们仔细保护与这些乐器相关的技术、曲目和传统。因此，公会的水壶匠和小号手的工资比普通士兵高。当用于仪式游行时，鼓通常挂在五颜六色的横幅上，骑在马背上演奏。欧洲法院和军事单位中的铠甲杀手往往是非洲黑人技术说明：铜壳，一对89.4.1340的较小滚筒，高度425毫米（16 3/4英寸），支架直径4英寸乘590毫米（23 1/4英寸）。七个金属杆张紧器需要一个鼓键来调节。每个螺丝都由一个铁支架接收，装饰得像一片向下的叶子，有八个凸起，铆接在外壳上。金属（可能是铁）反箍，带有金属螺钉的孔眼。小牛皮头。滚筒底部通气孔上方有一个内部金属漏斗（schaltrictern）。这种机制通常出现在17世纪和18世纪日耳曼地区制造的鼓上，被认为可以改变鼓的音质。（杰森·克尔·多布尼，2003年）
介绍（英）	Pairs of kettledrums were traditionally paired with sets of evenly numbered trumpets and used in military and ceremonial functions. The drums were played with wooden mallets by players who were members of the musicians guild who carefully guarded the techniques, repertoire, and traditions associated with these instruments. Accordingly, guild kettledrummers and trumpeters were paid more than the typical soldiers. When used in ceremonial processions, the drums were typically draped in colorful banners and mounted and played on horseback. Often, kettledrummers in European courts and military units were black African men. Technical description: Copper shells, smaller drum of a pair with 89.4.1340 measureing 425 mm (16 3/4 in) in Height with a stand of 4 inches by 590 mm (23 1/4 inches) in diameter. Seven metal rod tensioners requiring a drum key to tune. Each screw is received by an iron mount, decorated like a downward pointing leaf with eight lobes, riveted to the shell. Metal (possibly iron) counter hoops with eyelets attached for the metal screws. Calfskin head. The drum has an internal metal funnel (schaltrictern) above the vent hole at the bottom of the drum. This mechanism is commonly found on seventeenth and eighteenth century drums made in Germanic areas and was thought to imrpove the sound quality of the drums. (Jayson Kerr Dobney 2003)