双面福音叶 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	双面福音叶
品名（英）	Double-Sided Gospel Leaf
入馆年号	2006年，2006.100
策展部门	中世纪艺术（Medieval Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1300 - 公元 1350
创作地区	制造于: 埃塞俄比亚, 提格雷州（Made in: Ethiopia, Tigray）
分类	手稿和照明（Manuscripts and Illuminations）
尺寸	整体: 10 15/16 x 7 1/2 英寸 (27.8 x 19 厘米) 整体 (Framed): 18 1/8 x 14 3/8 x 3/4 英寸 (46 x 36.5 x 1.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	埃塞俄比亚的提格雷地区在四世纪皈依基督教，并成为从君士坦丁堡（伊斯坦布尔）统治的拜占庭帝国非常重要的盟友，控制着通往印度的贸易路线。提格雷还与地中海东部的其他基督教社区保持联系，包括叙利亚和埃及的社区。这片双面叶子上引人注目的图像来自一组 14 世纪早期的福音书，这些福音书的特点是复兴了从地中海东部到达埃塞俄比亚的图案，可能是在 7 世纪。叶子的两面都刻有埃塞俄比亚的古老语言Ge'ez。正面是一个引人注目的八角形生命喷泉，两侧是孔雀，在铭文中被识别为"鸵鸟"（埃塞俄比亚的皇家鸟类）和瞪羚般的"babula"。圆顶空间内的文本是指原始手稿中图像之前的尤西比亚佳能表或福音书索引的排列。在背面，十字架由一个巨大的宝石十字架代表，上面是上帝的羔羊，象征着基督的牺牲。在两侧是两个被绑在十字架上的小偷。这本福音书的其他叶子在斯德哥尔摩的国家博物馆。
介绍（英）	The Tigray region of Ethiopia converted to Christianity in the fourth century and became a very important ally of the Byzantine empire, ruled from Constantinople (Istanbul), in controlling the trade routes to India. Tigray also maintained contacts with other Christian communities of the eastern Mediterranean, including those in Syria and Egypt. The compelling images on this double-sided leaf are from a group of early fourteenth-century Gospels that feature a revival of motifs that reached Ethiopia from the eastern Mediterranean, probably in the seventh century. Both sides of the leaf are inscribed in Ge'ez, the ancient language of Ethiopia. On the front is a dramatic octagonal Fountain of Life flanked by peacocks, which are identified in the inscriptions as "ostriches" (royal birds in Ethiopia), and gazellelike "babula." The text within the domed space refers to the arrangement of the Eusebian Canon Tables, or index to the Gospels, which preceded the image in the original manuscript. On the reverse, the Crucifixion is represented by a monumental jeweled cross topped by a Lamb of God, symbol of Christ's sacrifice. At the sides are the two thieves bound to their crosses. Other leaves from this Gospel are in the Nationalmuseum in Stockholm.