盘子 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	盘子
品名（英）	Plate
入馆年号	1964年，64.101.1501
策展部门	中世纪艺术（Medieval Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1480
创作地区	制造于: 德国, 下莱茵河（Made in: Germany, Lower Rhine）
分类	金属制品黄铜（Metalwork-Brass）
尺寸	diam. 16 7/8 × 2 15/16 英寸, 4.6 磅 (diam. 42.9 × 7.5 厘米, 2083g)
介绍（中）	根据一些学者的说法，迪南是低地唯一一个加入德国汉萨的法语城镇，作为销售代理和担保人，通过科隆和亚琛从德国北部进口铜（青铜和黄铜的主要成分）。迪南已经是繁荣的金属加工贸易的中心，成为生产此类板材的主要中心。它的独特地位在通用名称"dinanderie"中很明显，它后来与这种金属制品联系在一起。迪南在贸易中的首要地位一直持续到1466年勃艮第公爵洗劫。尽管在 15 世纪下半叶对 dinanderie 板的需求量很大，但直到 16 世纪，传统的、艰苦的黄铜敲打方法才被更简单的铸造工艺所取代。大规模生产的需求导致质量下降。某些图案，比如坐着的女人在这个盘子上拿着一顶花冠，几乎没有变化地重复。然而，周围的图案确实变得更加复杂。在这个例子中，花瓣状的形状与坐在杆子上的小熊两侧的花朵交替出现，每个小熊都抓住一只后爪。尽管餐具柜上无疑自豪地展示着dinanderie盘子（有时用于礼仪），但其中许多餐具的磨损状况表明，它们也可能是将食物带到餐桌上的收费品。
介绍（英）	According to some scholars, Dinant was the only French-speaking town of the Lowlands to join the German Hansa as a selling agent and a guarantor of the delivery of copper ( the major component of both bronze and brass) imported from northern Germany via Cologne and Aachen. Already the center of a flourishing metalworking trade, Dinant became the principal center for the production of plates such as this one. Its distinct position is evident in the generic name “dinanderie,” which came to be associated with metalwork of this sort. Dinant’s primacy in the trade continued until the city was sacked by the Duke of Burgundy in 1466. Although dinanderie plates were in enormous demand in the second half of the fifteenth century, the traditional, painstaking method of brass beating was not to be replaced by the easier process of casting until the sixteenth century. The need for mass production led to a decline in quality. Certain motifs, like the seated woman holding a coronet of flowers on this plate, were repeated almost without variation. The encircling motifs did, however, become more complex. In this example, the petallike shapes alternate with addorsed flowers flanking tiny bears seated on poles, each grasping one of its hind paws. Although dinanderie plates were undoubtedly proudly displayed on sideboards (and sometimes used in the liturgy), the worn and battered condition of many of them indicates that they might also have served as charges on which the food was brought to the table.