独角兽保卫自己（来自独角兽挂毯） - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	独角兽保卫自己（来自独角兽挂毯）
品名（英）	The Unicorn Defends Himself (from the Unicorn Tapestries)
入馆年号	1937年，37.80.4
策展部门	修道院（The Cloisters）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1495 - 公元 1505
创作地区	制造于: 法国（卡通）, 巴黎（Made in: France (cartoon), Paris）
分类	纺织品挂毯（Textiles-Tapestries）
尺寸	整体: 145 x 158 英寸 (368.3 x 401.3厘米)
介绍（中）	在这里，受伤的独角兽被三名猎人拦住，准备用长矛刺穿它。这只愤怒的动物对面前的一只灰狗进行了可怕的攻击，差点把狗的身体撕裂。左下角吹角的猎人戴着一把刻有AVE REGINA C[OELI]（天堂女王万岁）字样的剑鞘。猎人和其他人物穿着大约16世纪初的时尚服装，包括圆头鞋和合身的紧身胸衣，他们的头饰和发型也反映了当代人的品味。织工的高超技艺体现在服装中令人信服的不同材料和纹理的表现上，如织锦、天鹅绒、皮革和毛皮为了制作挂毯，在大型织机的两根横梁之间拉伸普通羊毛纱线（经线）；然后，线轴将染色的金属线（纬线）放在经线上方和下方，以形成图案。化学分析表明，独角兽挂毯中使用的染料颜料来自焊接（黄色）、茜草（红色）和woad（蓝色）等植物，所有这些植物都生长在Bonnefont-Cloister花园中。在媒染剂（有助于将染料固定在织物上的物质）的帮助下，这三种原色被混合在一起，通过添加金属线，实现了令人眼花缭乱的色调。
介绍（英）	Here the injured unicorn is being held at bay by three hunters ready to pierce him with their lances. The furious animal reacts with a gruesome attack on a greyhound before him, almost tearing the dog's body apart. The horn-blowing hunter at the lower left wears a scabbard with the inscription AVE REGINA C[OELI] (Hail, Queen of the Heavens). The huntsmen and other figures are garbed in the fashions of about the turn of the sixteenth century, including round-toed shoes and fitted bodices, and their headdresses and hairstyles also reflect contemporary tastes. The mastery of the weavers is evident in the convincing representation of different materials and textures in the costumes, such as brocade, velvet, leather, and fur. In order to make the tapestries, plain wool yarns (the warp) were stretched between two beams of a large loom; a bobbin then brought dyed and metallic threads (the wefts) over and under the warp threads to create the design. Chemical analyses reveal that the dye pigments used in the Unicorn Tapestries came from such plants as weld (yellow), madder (red), and woad (blue), all of which are grown in the Bonnefont Cloister garden. With the aid of mordants, substances that help fix the dyes to fabric, these three primary colors were blended to achieve a dazzling spectrum of hues strategically highlighted by the addition of metallic threads.