鉴真画像 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	鉴真画像
品名（英）	Portrait of Jianzhen
入馆年号	1929年，29.100.518
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1400 - 公元 1499
创作地区
分类	绘画（Paintings）
尺寸	35 x 15 1/4 英寸 (88.9 x 38.7 厘米)
介绍（中）	虽然这幅坐着的佛教祭司画像的主题没有被记录，但这幅画像与早期作品的相似性使他被认为是中国牧师鉴真（688–763），是日本早期佛教史上的一位重要人物。鉴真是一名盲人，来自扬州市，扬州是唐代中国的主要国际中心和经济重镇。在扬州大运寺接受早期训练后，他搬到了唐都长安（现在的西安），后来又搬到了洛阳，然后回到扬州。742年，他收到了两位日本神父的邀请，前往奈良访问日本首都。在接下来的十年里，他多次尝试前往日本，但都失败了，在753年成功抵达Kyūshū和后来的奈良之前，他被称为Ganjin。十年后，他在奈良建立了寺庙Tōsh333; daiji，并将其作为新成立的礼教的总部。这幅肖像与八世纪著名的鉴真干漆雕塑密切相关，该雕塑安装在东京都，是日本现存最早的肖像雕塑和指定国宝。在这里，鉴真坐在一个平台上冥想，在一个三层屏风前，屏风上挂着不合时宜的水墨画，画着沙洲上的风景和鹅，这不是八世纪的典型，而是这幅肖像画创作时的室町时期。
介绍（英）	Although the subject of this portrait of a seated Buddhist priest is not recorded, the image's similarity to earlier works makes him identifiable as the Chinese priest Jianzhen (688–763), an important figure in the early history of Buddhism in Japan. Jianzhen, who was blind, hailed from the city of Yangzhou, a major cosmopolitan center and economic powerhouse in Tang-dynasty China. After receiving early training at the temple Dayunsi in Yangzhou, he moved to the Tang capital, Chang'an (now Xi'an), and later to Luoyang, before returning home to Yangzhou where in 742 he received an invitation from two Japanese priests to visit the Japanese capital at Nara. He spent the next decade trying and failing multiple times to make the journey to Japan, where he is known as Ganjin, before successfully arriving in Kyūshū and later Nara in 753. Later that decade he established the temple Tōshōdaiji in Nara and made it the headquarters of the newly established Ritsu sect. This portrait adheres closely to a famous eighth-century dry lacquer sculpture of Jianzhen installed at Tōshōdaiji that is the earliest extant example in Japan of a portrait sculpture and a designated National Treasure. Here Jianzhen is shown seated in meditation on a platform before a trifold screen bearing anachronistic ink paintings of landscapes and geese on a sandbar, typical not of the eighth century but of the Muromachi period, when this portrait was created.