Nasir al-Din Mahmud的迪拉姆（公元1201-22年在位）：双头猛禽 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	Nasir al-Din Mahmud的迪拉姆（公元1201-22年在位）：双头猛禽
品名（英）	Dirham of Nasir al-Din Mahmud (r. 1201–22): Double-Headed Bird of Prey
入馆年号	1899年，99.35.2376
策展部门	伊斯兰艺术（Islamic Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1193 - 公元 1244
创作地区	制造于: 土耳其, 希森凯法（Made in: Turkey, Hisn Kayfa）
分类	硬币（Coins）
尺寸	直径 1 1/8 英寸 (2.9 厘米) 深 1/16 英寸 (0.2 厘米) 重 0.4 盎司 (11.3 g)
介绍（中）	从12世纪中期到13世纪中期，贾兹拉的地区经济不断增长，这导致了大量异常巨大和沉重的铜钱，描绘了无数的人物形象。它们的大尺寸（约2.4–3厘米）、人物形象的存在和某些主题让人想起拜占庭时期的铜钱，这些铜钱被用作小型货币，而这种新货币是对其的补充。这些硬币中的许多都与古罗马（类别14e）、希腊和拜占庭（类别14f）硬币有关。某些罕见的例子甚至复制了不同时期的硬币（第14f类），而另一些则有不同寻常的图像（第14i类或第14k类），其视觉来源和艺术模型仍然难以识别。对某些图像的近乎精确的渲染表明，铸币商手头有他们的模型。古代的金银货币可能是在重建或竖立纪念碑时发现的，因为阿图克兹人和赞吉德人占领的许多城镇都是古代的重要中心。
介绍（英）	The period from the mid-twelfth to the mid-thirteenth century witnessed a growing regional economy in the Jazira which led to a profusion of unusually large and heavy copper coins depicting a myriad of figural imagery. Their large size (approx. 2.4–3 cm), the existence of figural imagery, and certain themes recall Byzantine copper coins which were used as petty coinage and which this new coinage complemented. The iconography of many of these coins relates to ancient Roman (cat. 14e), Greek, and Byzantine (cat. 14f) coins. Certain rare examples even copy coins from different periods (cat. 14f), while others have unusual iconography (cat. 14i or cat. 14k), the visual sources and artistic models of which remain difficult to identify. The nearly exact rendering of certain images suggests that mint makers had their models at hand. Ancient gold and silver currency was probably uncovered when rebuilding or erecting monuments, as many of the towns and cities occupied by the Artuqids and Zangids were important centers in antiquity.