带有鸟头恶魔、野猪和龙的轴孔斧头 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	带有鸟头恶魔、野猪和龙的轴孔斧头
品名（英）	Shaft-hole axe head with bird-headed demon, boar, and dragon
入馆年号	1982年，1982.5
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 2250 - 公元前 1750
创作地区
分类
尺寸	高 to top of bird-demon heads: 10.8 厘米 (4 1/2 英寸); 长 15 厘米 (5 7/8 英寸); Weight 581 g Shaft hole: 长 5.1 厘米 (2 英寸); 宽 1.59 厘米 (5/8 英寸)
介绍（中）	古代巴克特里亚和马吉纳是现代乌兹别克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦和阿富汗境内的奥克斯河和穆尔加布河沿岸地区。虽然这些地区在公元前三千年的大部分时间里人烟稀少，但到公元前2200年左右，已经建立了具有独特建筑形式、丧葬习俗和物质文化的永久定居点，部分原因是与伊朗、美索不达米亚和印度河流域的部分地区进行了积极的贸易这把银色镀金轴孔斧是立体浮雕的杰作。它是一位鸟头英雄与野猪和翼龙搏斗的形象，铸造精良，镀金。这种英勇的鸟头动物的想法可能来自伊朗西部，在那里它首次被记录在一个圆筒形的印章上。除了代替手和脚的鸟爪之外，这位英雄肌肉发达的身体是人。他被代表了两次，一次在斧头的两边，因此看起来有两个脑袋。一边，他抓住野猪的腹部，另一边，抓住獠牙。野猪的姿势被扭曲，使其刚硬的背部形成刀片的形状。鸟头英雄用另一只利爪抓住有翼龙的脖子。这种动物的特点是翅膀折叠交错，身体像猫，前爪的位置有猛禽的爪子。它的单喇叭被折断并丢失了。
介绍（英）	Ancient Bactria and Margiana were areas along the Oxus and Murghab rivers in modern Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Afghanistan. While these areas were sparsely inhabited during much of the third millennium B.C., by about 2200 B.C. permanent settlements with distinctive forms of architecture, burial practices, and material culture had been established, supported in part by active trade with parts of Iran, Mesopotamia, and the Indus Valley. This silver-gilt shaft-hole axe is a masterpiece of three-dimensional and relief sculpture. Expertly cast and gilded with foil, it represents a bird-headed hero grappling with a wild boar and a winged dragon. The idea of the heroic bird-headed creature probably came from western Iran, where it is first documented on a cylinder seal impression. The hero's muscular body is human except for the bird talons that replace the hands and feet. He is represented twice, once on each side of the axe, and consequently appears to have two heads. On one side, he grasps the boar by the belly and on the other, by the tusks. The posture of the boar is contorted so that its bristly back forms the shape of the blade. With his other talon, the bird-headed hero grasps the winged dragon by the neck. This creature is distinguished by folded and staggered wings, a feline body, and the talons of a bird of prey in the place of his front paws. Its single horn has been broken off and lost.