楔形文字碑：关于大麦和艾美尔分布的行政账目 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	楔形文字碑：关于大麦和艾美尔分布的行政账目
品名（英）	Cuneiform tablet: administrative account concerning the distribution of barley and emmer
入馆年号	1988年，1988.433.2
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 3100 - 公元前 2900
创作地区
分类
尺寸	1 7/8 × 2 9/16 × 13/16 英寸 (4.7 × 6.5 × 2 厘米)
介绍（中）	在美索不达米亚南部古代文明留下的众多遗产中，文字的发明至关重要。公元前四千年末，该地区发展出书面语言，最初是象形文字，后来演变成被称为楔形文字的抽象形式。与这块石碑上的象形文字一样，这些象形文字被称为原始楔形文字，是用尖头工具在粘土中绘制的。象形文字旁边的圆形印痕代表数字符号。楔形文字是用楔形尖端的芦苇笔或手写笔压在泥板上写的。粘土，当干燥到某种硬化状态时，形成了一个很好的书写表面，当烧制时，上面写的记录就变成了永久性的早期写作主要用作记录和存储经济信息的手段。这张石碑很可能记录了大麦和二粒小麦等谷物的输送和分布，尽管早期文本中没有动词，因此很难准确解释。
介绍（英）	Of the many legacies left by the ancient civilizations of southern Mesopotamia, the invention of writing is paramount. At the end of the fourth millennium B.C., written language developed in the region, first as pictographs and then evolving into abstract forms called cuneiform. The pictographs, like the ones on this tablet, are called proto-cuneiform and were drawn in the clay with a pointed implement. Circular impressions alongside the pictographs represented numerical symbols. Cuneiform (meaning wedge-shaped) script was written by pressing a reed pen or stylus with a wedge-shaped tip into a clay tablet. Clay, when dried to a somewhat hardened state, made a fine surface for writing, and when fired the records written on it became permanent. Early writing was used primarily as a means of recording and storing economic information. This tablet most likely documents deliveries and distributions of grain such as barley and emmer wheat, although the absence of verbs in early texts makes them difficult to interpret with certainty.