带有三位数比赛场景的圆柱体密封 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	带有三位数比赛场景的圆柱体密封
品名（英）	Cylinder seal with three-figure contest scene
入馆年号	1983年，1983.314.13
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 8 - 公元 0
创作地区
分类
尺寸	1.42 英寸 (3.61 厘米)
介绍（中）	尽管早在公元前七千年，雕刻的石头就被用来在粘土上压印印记，但公元前四千年，可以在粘土上滚动的雕刻圆柱体的发明使得印章设计更加复杂。这些最初在美索不达米亚使用的圆筒形印章，作为所有权或身份的标志。印章要么印在用来关闭罐子、门和篮子的粘土块上，要么印在记录商业或法律交易信息的泥板上。这些印章通常由宝石制成。保护性财产可能归因于材料本身和雕刻图案。印章对古代近东艺术的研究很重要，因为每个时期都有许多印章，因此，印章可以帮助确定时间阶段。通常保存的图像不再存在于任何其他媒介中，它们作为风格和图像的视觉编年史展示了印章的现代印象，从而可以看到整个设计。这枚印章显示了一个跪着的裸体男性形象，六头卷发，被一个蝎子人和一个公牛人挥舞着武器攻击。一个穿着鱼袍的服务员拿着水桶。许多物体被安排在画区的空白处，包括触笔、鸟、鱼和水豚。
介绍（英）	Although engraved stones had been used as early as the seventh millennium B.C. to stamp impressions in clay, the invention in the fourth millennium B.C. of carved cylinders that could be rolled over clay allowed the development of more complex seal designs. These cylinder seals, first used in Mesopotamia, served as a mark of ownership or identification. Seals were either impressed on lumps of clay that were used to close jars, doors, and baskets, or they were rolled onto clay tablets that recorded information about commercial or legal transactions. The seals were often made of precious stones. Protective properties may have been ascribed to both the material itself and the carved designs. Seals are important to the study of ancient Near Eastern art because many examples survive from every period and can, therefore, help to define chronological phases. Often preserving imagery no longer extant in any other medium, they serve as a visual chronicle of style and iconography. The modern impression of the seal is shown so that the entire design can be seen. This seal shows a kneeling nude male figure with six curls attacked on either side by a scorpion-man and bull-man brandishing weapons. An attendant figure wearing a fish robe holds a bucket. A number of objects are arranged in the empty spaces of the pictorial field including a stylus, bird, fish and caprid.