装有公牛饰带的罐子 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	装有公牛饰带的罐子
品名（英）	Jar with a frieze of bulls
入馆年号	1955年，55.121.2
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 800 - 公元前 600
创作地区
分类
尺寸	17 1/8 × Dia. 11 1/2 英寸 (43.5 × 29.2 厘米)
介绍（中）	在古代近东，施釉和制玻璃有着悠久的历史。釉料是在陶瓷体上的一层玻璃。第一批有玻璃表面的物体是由费因斯制成的小珠子和护身符，可以追溯到公元前6000年中期的乌贝德时期。虽然在公元前3000年的背景下发现了真正玻璃珠子的孤立例子，但玻璃在公元前1600年左右首次大规模生产，可能是在美索不达米亚北部的米坦尼州这个大罐子有绿色、蓝色、棕色、黄色、白色和黑色，代表了一种先进的上釉技术，在公元前一千年被广泛使用。它的肩部装饰着花瓣花环，身体由跪在树前的公牛装饰。据报道，这是博物馆收藏的三个罐子之一，这些罐子是在公元前一千年早期伊朗西北部的齐维耶遗址发现的，但它的形状和装饰也与在伊拉克北部底格里斯河畔亚述城市阿舒尔挖掘的例子相似。
介绍（英）	Glazing and glassmaking have a long history in the ancient Near East. A glaze is a layer of glass over a ceramic body. The first objects with a glazed surface were small beads and amulets made of faience, dating to the Ubaid period of the mid-sixth millennium B.C. While isolated examples of true glass beads have been found in contexts of the third millennium B.C., glass was produced on a large scale for the first time around 1600 B.C., perhaps in the Mitanni state of northern Mesopotamia. This large jar—glazed in green, blue, brown, yellow, white, and black—represents an advanced glazing technique that was in widespread use during the first millennium B.C. Its shoulder is decorated with a wreath of petals, and its body by bulls kneeling before trees. It is one of three jars in the Museum's collection that reportedly were found at the early first millennium B.C. site of Ziwiye in northwestern Iran, but it is also similar in shape and decoration to examples excavated at the Assyrian city of Ashur on the Tigris River in northern Iraq.