罐子 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	罐子
品名（英）	Jar
入馆年号	1952年，52.119.1
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 1000 - 公元前 750
创作地区
分类
尺寸	3 1/4 × 3 3/4 × 3 3/4 英寸 (8.2 × 9.5 × 9.5 厘米)
介绍（中）	这个小罐子有一个球状的身体，一个明显的肩膀装饰着水平切割的线条，一个高而略微张开的脖子和一个外翻的边缘。在伊朗西部卢里斯坦现代霍拉马巴德以南的桑塔拉山（Sangtarashan）挖掘了三个几乎相同的罐子，考古学家已将其确定为某种祭品的遗址，包括这些罐子。在卢里斯坦的Khatunban（尼哈文德以西约34英里[55公里]，恩斯特·赫茨菲尔德（Ernst Herzfeld）获得了这个罐子）又挖掘了两个罐子。两者都被发现在坟墓中以及带有长喷口的容器中。这种搭配暗示了一组饮水器皿：将液体从喷出的容器中倒入罐子中，罐子用作杯子 - 它的大小与现代不倒翁差不多。目前尚不清楚这种液体是什么，但葡萄酒是一种很好的可能性。早在公元前3000年，戈丁石阵（Khatunban东北28英里[45公里]）就证实了酿酒，倾倒器皿上的深酒体和长喷口可以防止渣滓最终进入杯中。这些器皿很可能被放置在坟墓中，因为它们表明了死者的地位和身份。不是每个人都有足够的特权拥有或使用青铜杯，更不用说与青铜杯一起埋葬了;大多数人不得不使用陶瓷器皿。
介绍（英）	This small jar has a bulbous body, a pronounced shoulder decorated with horizontal incised lines, a high, slightly flaring neck, and an everted rim. Three nearly identical jars were excavated at Sangtarashan, south of modern Khorramabad in Luristan in western Iran, which archaeologists have identified as a riutal site of some kind where offerings, includings these jars, were made. Two more jars were excavated at Khatunban, als in Luristan (approximately 34 miles [55 km] west of Nihavend, where Ernst Herzfeld acquired this jar). Both were found in graves along with vessels with long spouts. This pairing suggests a set of drinking vessels: a liquid would be poured from the spouted vessel into the jar, which was used as a cup -- it is about the size of a modern tumbler. It is not known what this liquid was, but wine is a good possibility. Winemaking is attested at Godin Tepe (28 miles [45 km] northeast of Khatunban) as early as ca. 3000 B.C., and the deep bodies and long spouts on the pouring vessels would have prevented dregs from ending up in the cup. These vessels were likely placed in graves because they were indicative of the deceased’s status and identity. Not everyone would have been privileged enough to own or use a bronze cup, let alone be buried with one; most people would have had to make do with ceramic vessels.