磨石 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	磨石
品名（英）	Rubbing stone
入馆年号	1938年，38.40.370
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 5000 - 公元前 2000
创作地区
分类
尺寸	0.16 x 0.83 x 2.13 英寸 (0.41 x 2.11 x 5.41 厘米)
介绍（中）	这件石灰石制品的一端已经磨损穿孔。它于1937年在伊朗东北部尼沙普尔附近的一处史前遗址被发掘。虽然尼沙普尔本身是由萨珊国王沙普尔一世（约公元241-272年在位）建立的，但这个物体表明那里的人类居住可以追溯到史前时期。此外，尼沙普尔的史前陶器与中亚的陶瓷材料而非伊朗的当代遗址有着密切的联系，这意味着在这一时期，其居民很可能在文化上与东部邻国有联系。与此同时，尼沙普尔位于后来被称为呼罗珊大道的地方，这表明它是贸易网络的一部分，为从中亚向美索不达米亚进口青金石、玛瑙和绿松石等宝石提供了便利。事实上，这块石头上的磨损表明它是一种摩擦工具，可能用于半宝石的加工。
介绍（英）	This limestone object is quite worn and perforated at one end. It was excavated in 1937 at a prehistoric site in the vicinity of Nishapur in northeastern Iran. While Nishapur itself was founded by the Sasanian king Shapur I (reigned ca. A.D. 241-272), this object shows that human habitation there goes back to the prehistoric period. Furthermore, the prehistoric pottery from Nishapur has close affinities with ceramic materials from Central Asia rather than with contemporary sites in Iran, meaning that in this period its inhabitants were likely culturally linked to their neighbors to the east. At the same time, Nishapur’s location on what later became known as the Great Khorasan Road suggests that it was part of the trade network that facilitated the import of precious stones such as lapis lazuli, carnelian and turquoise from Central Asia to Mesopotamia. Indeed, the wear on this stone suggests it was a rubbing tool, perhaps used in the processing of semiprecious stones.