项链珠子 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	项链珠子
品名（英）	Necklace beads
入馆年号	1933年，33.35.48
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 2600 - 公元前 2500
创作地区
分类
尺寸	长 54 厘米
介绍（中）	这四串珠子来自所谓的大死亡坑，乌尔的一个皇家坟墓。在坑中发现的68具女性尸体上都装饰着由黄金、青金石和玛瑙制成的最华丽的珠宝在乌尔发掘时，很少发现未受干扰的珠子，因为它们最初是用早已分解的有机材料串在一起的。因此，不确定珠子最初是按哪个顺序串起来的。这些股线由双锥形珠组成。它们以三块金片和六颗青金石珠为一组，以一颗金片和三颗青金石为结尾。在高度统一的苏美尔艺术体系中，它们的重复给人一种丰富的对比色的感觉。不同的材料可能具有特定的含义，因为后来的文本描述了它们的护身符和魔法特性。它们无疑唤起了遥远的土地，因为它们都不是美索不达米亚南部的本地人，并表明了远距离联系在获取珍贵材料方面的重要性。青金石起源于阿富汗的巴达赫尚地区，黄金从多个可能的方向到达美索不达米亚，因为伊朗、安纳托利亚甚至远至埃及都有古代的来源。
介绍（英）	These four strands of beads come from the so-called Great Death Pit, one of the royal graves at Ur. The sixty-eight female bodies discovered in the pit were all adorned with the most splendid jewelry made of gold, lapis lazuli, and carnelian. When excavated at Ur, beads were rarely discovered in an undisturbed state, since they had been originally strung together using organic material that has long since disintegrated. Thus, it is not certain in which order the beads were originally strung. These strands consist of biconical shaped beads. They are strung in groups of three gold sheets and six lapis lazuli beads, ending with one of gold and three of lapis. Their repetition gives a sense of rich contrasting color within the highly uniform Sumerian artistic system. It is possible that the different materials held particular meanings, since later texts describe their amuletic and magical properties. They certainly evoked distant lands because none of them are native to southern Mesopotamia and indicate the importance of long-distance connections in the acquisition of precious materials. The lapis lazuli would have originated in the Badakhshan region of Afghanistan and the gold reached Mesopotamia from a number of possible directions since there were ancient sources in Iran, Anatolia, and even as far away as Egypt.