颈和颈柄 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	颈和颈柄
品名（英）	Neck and handle of Jug
入馆年号	1932年，32.150.126
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 200 - 公元 699
创作地区
分类
尺寸	2.5 x 2 英寸 (6.35 x 5.08 厘米)
介绍（中）	尽管这只玻璃容器已经破裂，但剩下的一块清晰地显示了原始容器的颈状罐子形状。玻璃本身是透明的蓝色调，表面有不透明的白色氧化。在挖掘中发现的玻璃通常经历了一个衰变过程，从而改变了其表面颜色。玻璃在萨珊时期被广泛生产和使用。尽管无色玻璃被高度重视，但大多数发现的玻璃都是轻微着色的，通常是绿色或黄色，尽管也会出现红色和棕色。这一时期发现的玻璃包括各种类型，如小型化妆品容器、服务容器和饮用杯。这件作品是从Ctesiphon地区Ma'aridh II遗址的一所房子中挖掘出来的 Ctesipon市位于底格里斯河东岸，距离伊拉克现代巴格达以南20英里（32公里）。它作为帕提亚人和萨萨尼亚人的首都繁荣了800多年，这是七世纪伊斯兰征服之前统治古代近东的最后两个王朝。1928–29年，由德国东方学会（Deutsche Orient Gesellschaft）赞助的探险队在Ctesiphon地区进行了系统的发掘。1931–32年间，大都会艺术博物馆和柏林国家博物馆进行了为期一个赛季的联合考察。进行了几次挖掘，包括在主宫殿（Taq-i Kisra），在Tell Dheheb宫殿南部的一个小的防御区，在Ma'aridh土丘的多个房屋，以及在一个名为Umm ez-Za'tir的小土丘的其他房屋在Ctesiphon地区的挖掘过程中，挖掘出了一系列名为el Ma'aridh的小土堆中的六座房屋。这些房子遵循典型的萨珊设计，混合了方形和细长的房间。Ma'aridh IV的房屋被部分挖掘，暴露部分显示了房屋的服务区和接待区。在挖掘的东北角，有两个房间，一个有柱子，用灰泥装饰。一个有四个壁龛的大庭院可能是房子的中心。西南部的房间似乎在性质上更具功能性，可能用作服务室。如挖掘的水道所示，一个房间可能用作浴缸。像马亚里德四世这样的大房子显然是一个精英家庭，从它的大尺寸（挖掘出1200平方米）和装饰的房间可以看出这一点。
介绍（英）	Although this glass vessel is broken, the remaining piece clearly indicates the necked jar shape of the original vessel. The glass itself is clear with a bluish tone and has an opaque white oxidation on the surface. Glass found in excavations has often gone through a process of decay that changes its surface color. Glass was widely produced and used during the Sasanian period. Although colorless glass was highly valued, the majority of glass finds are slightly tinted, usually greenish or yellow tint, although reddish and brown tints also occur. Glass finds from this period include a variety of types such as small cosmetic containers, serving vessels, and drinking glasses. This piece was excavated from a house at the site of Ma’aridh II in the Ctesiphon area. The city of Ctesiphon was located on the east bank of the Tigris River, 20 miles (32 km) south of modern Baghdad in Iraq. It flourished for more than 800 years as the capital of the Parthians and the Sasanians, the last two dynasties to rule the ancient Near East before the Islamic conquest in the seventh century. Systematic excavations in the Ctesiphon area were undertaken by an expedition in 1928–29 sponsored by the German Oriental Society (Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft). The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Staatliche Museen, Berlin, undertook a joint expedition for one season in 1931–32. Several excavations were conducted, including at the main palace (Taq-i Kisra), in a small fortified area south of the palace at Tell Dheheb, at multiple houses at the mounds of Ma’aridh, and at additional houses at a small mound called Umm ez-Za’tir. Over the course of the excavations in the Ctesiphon area, six houses from a series of small mounds called el Ma’aridh were excavated. These houses follow typical Sasanian design with a mix of square and elongated rooms. The house at Ma’aridh IV was partially excavated and the exposed portions show both service and reception areas of the house. In the northeast corner of the excavations two rooms, one with pillars, were decorated with stuccos. A large courtyard with four niches probably was the center of the house. The southwest rooms seem to be more functional in nature and may have served as service rooms. One room may have functioned as a bath as indicated by the water channels excavated. A large house such as Ma’aridh IV was clearly an elite household as demonstrated by its large size (1200 square meters were excavated) and the decorated rooms.