几何和植物设计的墙壁装饰 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	几何和植物设计的墙壁装饰
品名（英）	Wall decoration with geometric and vegetal design
入馆年号	1932年，32.150.12
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 500 - 公元 600
创作地区
分类
尺寸	8 1/2 × 15 1/16 × 1 7/8 英寸 (21.6 × 38.3 × 4.8 厘米)
介绍（中）	灰泥浮雕通常被用来装饰伊旺和萨桑尼亚精英住宅的接待厅。在Ctesiphon地区挖掘的房屋中发现了许多例子，包括Umm ez-Za'tir的这片碎片，它由一棵藤蔓组成，在蜿蜒图案的边界之间有半个棕榈叶。使用模具制作灰泥可以创造大规模的重复图案，如几何图案和植物图案 Ctesiphon市位于底格里斯河东岸，距离现代伊拉克巴格达以南20英里（32公里）。它作为帕提亚人和萨萨尼亚人的首都繁荣了800多年，这两个王朝是七世纪伊斯兰征服前统治古代近东的最后两个王朝。1928年至29年，由德国东方学会（Deutsche Orient Gesellschaft）赞助的一支探险队在克特西丰地区进行了系统的挖掘。1931-32年，大都会艺术博物馆和柏林国家美术馆进行了一次为期一季的联合探险。进行了几次挖掘，包括在主宫殿（Taq-i Kisra）、Tell Dheheb宫殿南部的一个小设防区、Ma’aridh土堆的多栋房屋，以及一个名为Umm ez-Za'tir的小土堆的额外房屋作为更大规模的Ctesiphon探险队的一部分，在Taq-I Kisra以东约2公里的一个小土堆进行了挖掘。这个土堆被称为乌姆埃兹扎提尔或百里香之母。现场挖掘暴露了与住房相关的房间。在1928/1929年和1931/1932年的冬季进行的挖掘揭示了一座6世纪萨桑尼亚式房屋的平面图，该房屋遵循了方形和细长房间的典型混合平面图。东墙和西墙都有岩画，墙上和拱门上都有灰泥浮雕。
介绍（英）	Stucco reliefs were commonly used to decorate the iwans and reception halls of elite Sasanian houses. Many examples were found in excavated houses in the Ctesiphon area including this fragment from Umm ez-Za’tir consisting of a vine with half palmettes between borders of a meander pattern. The use of molds to make stuccos allowed for the creation of large scale repetitive patterns such as geometric and vegetal motifs. The city of Ctesiphon was located on the east bank of the Tigris River, 20 miles (32 km) south of modern Baghdad in Iraq. It flourished for more than 800 years as the capital of the Parthians and the Sasanians, the last two dynasties to rule the ancient Near East before the Islamic conquest in the seventh century. Systematic excavations in the Ctesiphon area were undertaken by an expedition in 1928–29 sponsored by the German Oriental Society (Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft). The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Staatliche Museen, Berlin, undertook a joint expedition for one season in 1931–32. Several excavations were conducted, including at the main palace (Taq-i Kisra), in a small fortified area south of the palace at Tell Dheheb, at multiple houses at the mounds of Ma’aridh, and at additional houses at a small mound called Umm ez-Za’tir. As part of the larger Ctesiphon Expedition, excavations were conducted at a small mound approximately 2 km east of the Taq-I Kisra. This mound was called Umm ez-Za’tir or Mother of Thyme. Excavations at the site exposed rooms associated with housing. Excavations conducted in the winters of 1928/1929 and 1931/1932 revealed the plan of a 6th century Sasanian house following the typical plan of a mix of square and elongated rooms. Iwans were found on the east and west walls which were decorated with stucco reliefs on the walls and on the arches.