带辐射手掌的圆形 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	带辐射手掌的圆形
品名（英）	Roundel with radiating palmettes
入馆年号	1932年，32.150.4
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 500 - 公元 600
创作地区
分类
尺寸	直径 42 英寸 (106.7 厘米)
介绍（中）	书面资料描述了萨珊王朝皇帝库斯劳一世（公元531-79年在位）的冬宫Taq-I Kisra，用马赛克和灰泥装饰。从宫殿周围的挖掘中发现了许多灰泥浮雕，包括像这件作品这样的几个圆形浮雕。挖掘照片显示，这些大圆形的碎片在挖掘时被放置在适当的位置，看起来它们最初被放置在方柱之间，形成了一个栏杆。这种圆形物的中心是穿孔的，两侧都有由辐射状掌叶和心形叶子组成的装饰 Ctesiphon市位于伊拉克现代巴格达以南20英里（32公里）的底格里斯河东岸。它作为帕提亚人和萨萨尼亚人的首都繁荣了800多年，这两个王朝是七世纪伊斯兰征服前统治古代近东的最后两个王朝。1928年至29年，由德国东方学会（Deutsche Orient Gesellschaft）赞助的一支探险队在克特西丰地区进行了系统的挖掘。1931-32年，大都会艺术博物馆和柏林Staatliche博物馆进行了一次为期一季的联合探险。进行了几次挖掘，包括在主宫殿（Taq-i Kisra）、Tell Dheheb宫殿以南的一个小设防区、Ma'aridh土堆的多座房屋，以及一个名为Umm ez-Za'tir的小土堆的其他房屋 Ctesiphon地区最著名的是萨珊国王胡斯劳一世（公元531-79年在位）建造的王宫。它的接待大厅名为Taq-i Kisra（"Khusrau的王座"），以其84英尺（26米）高的抛物线形桶形拱顶而闻名。宫殿不仅仅是接待大厅，宫殿建筑群包括许多建筑。Ctesiphon远征队在接待大厅附近挖掘，南面是一座用作宫殿或宗教建筑的大型建筑，西面是一座有几个水景的建筑群。这座宫殿建筑群以其精致的灰泥浮雕、马赛克装饰和奢华的装饰（如丝绸地毯和宝石）而闻名于当代文献。
介绍（英）	Written sources describe the Taq-I Kisra, the winter palace of the Sasanian emperor Khusrau I (r. 531–79), as richly decorated with mosaics and stucco decorations. Numerous stucco reliefs were recovered from the excavations around the palace area including several roundels such as this piece. Excavation photographs show fragments of these large roundels in place as they were excavated, and it appears that they were originally placed between square posts and formed a balustrade. This roundel is pierced in the center and has decoration on both sides consisting of radiating palmettes and heart shaped leaves. The city of Ctesiphon was located on the east bank of the Tigris River, 20 miles (32 km) south of modern Baghdad in Iraq. It flourished for more than 800 years as the capital of the Parthians and the Sasanians, the last two dynasties to rule the ancient Near East before the Islamic conquest in the seventh century. Systematic excavations in the Ctesiphon area were undertaken by an expedition in 1928–29 sponsored by the German Oriental Society (Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft). The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Staatliche Museen, Berlin, undertook a joint expedition for one season in 1931–32. Several excavations were conducted, including at the main palace (Taq-i Kisra), in a small fortified area south of the palace at Tell Dheheb, at multiple houses at the mounds of Ma’aridh, and at additional houses at a small mound called Umm ez-Za’tir. The Ctesiphon area is most famous for the royal palace built by the Sasanian king Khusrau I (r. 531–79). Named Taq-i Kisra ("Throne of Khusrau") its reception hall is known for its 84 foot (26m) high parabolic barrel vault. The palace was more than just the reception hall and the palace complex included numerous buildings. The Ctesiphon Expedition excavated near the reception hall, to the south at a large building used as a palace, or a religious building, and to the west at a complex with several water features. The palace complex was famous in contemporary texts for its elaborate stucco reliefs, mosaic decorations and lavish decorations such as silk carpets and precious stones.