四德拉克 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	四德拉克
品名（英）	Tetradrachm
入馆年号	1899年，99.35.2964
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 212 - 公元 213
创作地区
分类
尺寸	Thickness 0.41 厘米, Diameter 2.52 厘米
介绍（中）	钱币学家——研究硬币的学者——将硬币的"正面"称为"正面"，"背面"通常以人或神的头像为特征在这枚四德拉克银币的正面，国王的半身像面朝左侧。他留着垂直线条的长胡子，戴着一顶带耳罩的圆顶帽（称为"头饰"），帽子上系着一顶王冠（古希腊获胜运动员戴的头带）。他还戴着一条项链。他的大眼睛是由两条粗线之间的一个凸起的点来表示的，这条粗线是他的眼睑。图像周围有一个点的边界反面显示一名坐着的男子面朝左。一个女人面朝右站在他面前。她伸出的手上拿着一顶王冠。这些数字周围有一个希腊铭文，很难阅读，因为大部分铭文都从硬币边缘消失了；然而，它可以从其他例子中重建为"国王中的国王阿尔萨斯慷慨、公正、著名和热爱希腊语"。希腊字母ΔKΦ出现在数字上方。这是数字524，指的是硬币的日期：塞琉古时代524年（始于公元前312年），即公元212-13年。这枚硬币是帕提亚国王沃洛加塞斯五世（约公元208-228年在位）在现代巴格达附近底格里斯河畔的塞琉古铸造的。公元前141年，塞琉西亚被帕提亚人占领，但那里的铸币局一直在铸造大型四德拉克货币，直到帕提亚帝国结束，这是帕提亚唯一一家这样做的铸币局。这些货币的图像也与大多数其他帕提亚货币不同。在这种情况下，硬币背面显示了女神堤喀（"财富"），通过她的聚宝盆可以识别，在戈塔泽斯的坐姿之前。正面的国王可能也是沃洛加塞人。
介绍（英）	Numismatists – the scholars who study coins – refer to the ‘front’ side of the coin, which usually features the head of a person or god, as the ‘obverse,’ and the ‘back’ side as the ‘reverse.’ On the obverse of this silver tetradrachm coin, a bust of the king faces to the left. He has a long beard rendered with vertical lines, and wears a domed hat with earflaps (called a ‘tiara’) with a diadem (the headband worn by victorious athletes in ancient Greece) tied over it. He also wears a necklace. His large eye is represented by a raised dot between two thick lines which serve as his eyelid. A border of dots surrounds the image. The reverse shows a seated man facing left. A woman stands before him facing right. In her outstretched hand she holds a diadem. The figures are surrounded by a Greek inscription which cannot easily be read, since most of it disappears off the edge of the coin; however, it can be reconstructed from other examples as reading "of the king of kings Arsaces the generous, just, renowned and Greek-loving." The Greek letters ΔKΦ appear above the figures. This is the number 524, and refers to the date of the coin: year 524 of the Seleucid era (which began in 312 B.C.), that is, A.D. 212-13. This coin was struck by the Parthian king Vologases V (reigned ca. A.D. 208–228) at Seleucia-on-the-Tigris near modern Baghdad. Seleucia was captured by the Parthians in 141 B.C., but the mint there continued to strike large tetradrachm coins up until the end of the Parthian Empire – the only Parthian mint to do so. These coins also featured different imagery than most other Parthian issues. In this case the reverse of the coin shows the goddess Tyche (‘Fortune’), identifiable by her cornucopia, before the seated figure of Gotarzes. The king on the obverse is probably meant to be Vologases as well.