德拉奇马 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	德拉奇马
品名（英）	Drachm
入馆年号	1899年，99.35.2963
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 147 - 公元 191
创作地区
分类
尺寸	Thickness 0.2 厘米, Diameter 1.9 厘米
介绍（中）	钱币学家——研究硬币的学者——将硬币的"正面"称为"正面"，"背面"通常以人或神的头像为特征在这枚银币的正面，国王的半身像面朝左侧。他留着垂直线条的长胡子，戴着一顶带耳罩的圆顶帽（称为"头饰"），帽子上系着一顶王冠（古希腊获胜运动员戴的头带）。头饰上装饰着模糊的突起。他脖子上还戴着一个扭矩或项链。他的大眼睛是由两条粗线之间的一个凸起的点来表示的，这条粗线是他的眼睑。图像周围有一个点的边界这枚硬币的反面状况不佳，部分原因是被一个磨损严重的模具击中。根据与其他硬币的比较，可以肯定地说，背面显示的是一个坐着的人面朝右。他在斗篷下穿袖子和裤子，还戴着一顶王冠，在他的后脑勺只能看到王冠的两端。他手里拿着一把弓，弓弦向上。这名男子周围有一个难以辨认的铭文。这枚硬币是帕提亚国王沃洛加塞斯三世（约公元147-191年在位）铸造的。正面的国王可能是沃洛加塞斯本人，戴着象征胜利的王冠和帕提亚王室皇冠的主要类型——皇冠。反面人物的身份是未知的；也许它是一个理想化的帕提亚国王，被描绘成一个弓箭手。沃洛加塞斯的头像正面表现出显著的风格化，例如眼睛和胡须的示意图。
介绍（英）	Numismatists – the scholars who study coins – refer to the ‘front’ side of the coin, which usually features the head of a person or god, as the ‘obverse,’ and the ‘back’ side as the ‘reverse.’ On the obverse of this silver coin, a bust of the king faces to the left. He has a long beard rendered with vertical lines, and wears a domed hat with earflaps (called a ‘tiara’) with a diadem (the headband worn by victorious athletes in ancient Greece) tied over it. The tiara is decorated with indistinct protrusions. He also wears a torque or necklace around his neck. His large eye is represented by a raised dot between two thick lines which serve as his eyelid. A border of dots surrounds the image. The reverse of this coin is in poor condition, in part due to having been struck by a very worn die. Based on comparisons with other coins, it is safe to say that the reverse shows a seated man facing right. He wears sleeves and trousers under a cloak, as well as a diadem, of which only the ends are visible at the back of his head. In his hand he holds a bow with the bowstring upwards. An illegible inscription surrounds the man. This coin was struck by the Parthian king Vologases III (reigned ca. A.D. 147–191). The king on the obverse is probably meant to be Vologases himself, wearing a diadem as a symbol of victory and a tiara, the main type of Parthian royal crown. The identity of the figure on the reverse is unknown; perhaps it is an idealized Parthian king, depicted as an archer. The head of Vologases the obverse exhibits significant stylization, such as in the schematic rendering of the eye and beard.