安全阀面板 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	安全阀面板
品名（英）	Relief panel
入馆年号	1884年，84.11
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 883 - 公元前 859
创作地区
分类
尺寸	25 1/4 x 31 1/2 x 3 英寸, 140磅 (64.1 x 80 x 7.6 厘米, 63.5kg)
介绍（中）	这幅来自尼姆鲁德西北宫（古代卡尔胡）的壁画描绘了一个长着翅膀的超自然人物。这些人物出现在整个宫殿中，有时在亚述国王的雕像或一棵风格化的"神树"旁边。浮雕是绘画的，但今天几乎没有一种原始颜料幸存下来。然而，浮雕本身保留了令人难以置信的细节，包括许多人物服装上复杂的雕刻设计这些人物是超自然的，但并不代表任何伟大的神。相反，他们是古代美索不达米亚人活跃在世界各个方面的庞大超自然人口的一部分。他们看起来要么是鹰头，要么是人头，戴着角冠以示神性。这两种人偶通常都有翅膀。由于它们与埋葬在门口保护的雕像群相似，这些雕像的身份通过仪式文本得以知晓，因此有人认为，宫殿浮雕中的人物代表了遥远过去的智者阿普卡卢。这可能确实是他们象征意义的一个层面，但这类保护性人物可能具有多重含义和神话联系像这样的人物在后来的亚述宫殿中继续被描绘，尽管频率较低。只有在西北宫，它们才成为救济计划的主要特征这是1884年捐赠的最早进入博物馆收藏的亚述浮雕。它最初是一个大得多的面板的一部分，显示了一个朝左的人头的头部、肩部和翅膀的一部分。带角的帽子象征着神性，而精致的长胡子与亚述国王的胡子相似。这个人物戴着一个大的吊坠耳环和一个由两条带垫圈的珠子组成的项圈。面板的右侧保留了另一个侧翼的边缘，表明该图最初与另一个背靠背排列，同样位于大都会博物馆（17.190.2082）。
介绍（英）	This panel from the Northwest Palace at Nimrud (ancient Kalhu) depicts a winged supernatural figure. Such figures appear throughout the palace, sometimes flanking either the figure of the Assyrian king or a stylized "sacred tree." The reliefs were painted, but today almost none of the original pigment survives. However, the reliefs themselves retain incredible detail, including intricate incised designs on many of the figures’ clothing. The figures are supernatural but do not represent any of the great gods. Rather, they are part of the vast supernatural population that for ancient Mesopotamians animated every aspect of the world. They appear as either eagle-headed or human-headed and wear a horned crown to indicate divinity. Both types of figure usually have wings. Because of their resemblance to groups of figurines buried under doorways for protection whose identities are known through ritual texts, it has been suggested that the figures in the palace reliefs represent the apkallu, wise sages from the distant past. This may indeed be one level of their symbolism, but protective figures of this kind are likely to have held multiple meanings and mythological connections. Figures such as these continued to be depicted in later Assyrian palaces, though less frequently. Only in the Northwest Palace do they form such a dominant feature of the relief program. Donated in 1884, this was the earliest Assyrian relief to enter the Museum’s collection. Originally part of a much larger panel, it shows the head, shoulder, and part of the wing of a human-headed figure facing left. The horned cap indicates divinity, and the long, elaborate beard is similar to that of the Assyrian king. The figure wears a large pendant earring and a collar comprising two bands of beads with spacers. The right side of the panel preserves the edge of another wing, showing that this figure was originally arranged back to back with another, also in the Metropolitan Museum (17.190.2082).