Snafle钻头 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	Snafle钻头
品名（英）	Snaffle Bit
入馆年号	1942年，42.50.492
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 300 - 公元前 200
创作地区	据说发现于: 意大利, 罗马（Said to be found in: Italy, Rome）
分类	马术器械钻头（Equestrian Equipment-Bits）
尺寸	高 9 1/4 英寸 (23.5 厘米); 宽 6 英寸 (15.2 厘米); 重 1 磅 9.7 盎司 (728.6 g)
介绍（中）	吹口由两个饰有圆形尖刺的大炮组成，由中心的一个环连接。每一个末端都有一个用来系缰绳的环和一个又长又直的全脸颊，上面穿了两个孔，用来把它挂在缰绳上这种非常顺从的小吃的灵感来自阿契美尼德和希腊语。希腊色诺芬（约公元前430年至355年）在其马术论文中称之为"刺猬"的尖刺圣典，突出了其严重性。这些因素对舌头来说非常不舒服，它们迫使马缩回。因此，舌头无法缓冲钻头，咬嘴直接放在杆最敏感的部分（马下巴没有牙齿的部分）。很长的颧骨增加了在拉动相反的缰绳时按压马的脸颊来控制方向的变化据说这个比特是在罗马发现的。如果这是真的，它可能来自埋葬在那里的色雷斯人或安纳托利亚骑兵的坟墓。
介绍（英）	The mouthpiece consists of two canons studded with rounded spikes, linked by a ring in the center. Each one terminates with a ring for the reins and a long and straight full-cheek piece, pierced with two holes for hanging it from the bridle. This very submissive type of snaffle was inspired by both Achaemenid and Greek bits. The spiky canons, called 'hedgehogs' by the Greek Xenophon (ca. 430–355 B.C.) in his equestrian treatise, accentuate its severity. These elements being very uncomfortable for the tongue, they force the horse to retract it. Consequently the tongue cannot cushion the bit and the mouthpiece is resting directly on the most sensitive part of the bars (part of the horses’ jaw without teeth). The very long cheekpieces added control for changing directions by pressing the horse's cheek when pulling the opposite rein. This bit is said to have been found in Rome. If true, it might have come from the tomb of a Thracian or Anatolian cavalryman buried there.