巴黎的Tour St.Jacques La Boucherie - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	巴黎的Tour St.Jacques La Boucherie
品名（英）	La Tour St. Jacques La Boucherie à Paris
入馆年号	1988年，1988.1072
策展部门	摄影（Photographs）
创作者	Charles Soulier【1840 至 1875】【法国人】
创作年份	公元 1865 - 公元 1869
创作地区
分类	照片（Photographs）
尺寸	40.7 x 30.6 厘米. (16 x 12 1/16 英寸)
介绍（中）	今天，人们在巴黎市中心里沃利街附近的一个公园里看到的独立式圣雅克之旅，就是圣雅克-拉布切里哥特式教堂的全部遗迹。这座塔建于1508年至1522年，在革命期间失去了雕像和十几个铃铛，但其基本结构躲过了教堂其他部分的拆除。它于1797年出售，并被用于一个与最初功能相去甚远的目的：作为一座射击塔。熔化的铅液滴穿过近200英尺的塔内落入底部的冷却水桶中，形成完美的球体。1836年，这座塔被巴黎市买下 19世纪50年代初，该塔与周围的建筑脱离，Tour Saint Jacques的下部被重建为公民纪念碑，其被毁的雕像被重新制作，周围地区被重新设计为公园。新的圣雅克广场的表面被降低，以保持附近街道的水平，并建造了一个带台阶的凸起平台，作为新旧地面之间的过渡。游客可以登上这座塔，欣赏巴黎的全景。《加利尼亚尼1860年新巴黎指南》评论了这一转变："这座有趣的建筑现在占据了一个优雅的花园广场的中心，曾经与大都市最肮脏的街道相交，到处都是破烂和其他类似性质商品的小贩。" 就像一个绘图员可能会夸大纪念碑的规模，以其巨大的高度给观众留下深刻印象一样，苏利耶选择了里沃利街和塞瓦斯托波尔大道拐角处的一个高架视角，从那里可以看到修复后的塔矗立在构图的中心，畅通无阻，使所有相邻的建筑相形见绌。
介绍（英）	The freestanding Tour Saint-Jacques that one sees today in a park just off the rue de Rivoli in the heart of Paris is all that remains of the Gothic church of Saint-Jacques la Boucherie. Built between 1508 and 1522, the tower lost its statuary and its dozen bells during the Revolution, but its basic fabric escaped the demolition visited upon the rest of the church. It was sold in 1797 and was put to use for a purpose far from its original function: as a shot tower. Droplets of molten lead formed into perfect spheres as they fell through the nearly two-hundred-foot interior of the tower into a cooling tub of water at the bottom. In 1836 the tower was bought by the City of Paris. In the early 1850s, the tower was disengaged from the surrounding buildings, the lower part of the Tour Saint-Jacques was rebuilt to function as a civic monument, its destroyed statuary was remade, and the surrounding area was redesigned as a park. The surface of the new Square Saint-Jacques was lowered in order keep the nearby streets level, and a raised platform with steps was built as a transition between the old and new ground levels. Visitors could ascend the tower for a panoramic view of Paris. "Galignani's New Paris Guide for 1860" remarked upon the transformation: "This interesting structure now occupies the centre of an elegant square laid out as a garden, once intersected by the filthiest streets of the metropolis, haunted by vendors of rags and other commodities of a similar nature." Like a draftsman who might exaggerate the scale of a monument to impress the viewer with its great height, Soulier chose an elevated point of view at the corner of the rue de Rivoli and the Boulevard de Sebastopol from which the restored tower could be seen rising in the center of the composition, unobstructed and dwarfing all neighboring buildings.