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美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅
美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅
美国大都会艺术博物馆中的24万件展品,图片展示以及中文和英文双语介绍(中文翻译仅供参考)
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品名(中)带双筒轮锁活塞的野猪矛
品名(英)Boar Spear with Double Barrel Wheellock Pistol
入馆年号1904年,04.3.77
策展部门武器和盔甲Arms and Armor
创作者
创作年份公元 1551 - 公元 1600
创作地区原产国: 德国(Country of Origin: Germany)
分类组合武器(Combination Weapons)
尺寸长 89 3/4 英寸 (227.96 厘米); 长 of head 40 1/2 英寸 (102.9 厘米); 长 of barrel 12 英寸 (30.5 厘米); 宽 4 英寸 (10.2 厘米); Cal. (a) .412 英寸 (10.47 毫米); Cal. (b) .415 英寸 (10.54 毫米); 重 9 磅. 6 盎司 (4252.4 g)
介绍(中)叶片的前部呈披针形,完全覆盖着交错带状的蚀刻装饰,后部有两个弯曲的招架钩,形状像海豚。刀片放置在两个手枪枪管之间,其中间脊被消除,并在两侧变为与枪管孔对齐的浅通道。在刀片和沉重的圆柱形套筒之间连接着两个带盖轮的轮锁。折叠扳机位于轴的一半,插入覆盖机构拉力的长钢带中。轴平整光滑,对接端有一个大的锥形钢支架。

一般推测,板矛和手枪的组合设计用于打破冲锋板或猖獗的熊的冲撞,双手枪可以在动物被接上刀片之前发射。然而,刀片异常薄,作为对向愤怒的动物发射的子弹的适应,其变硬的中脊被凹槽所取代,使材料更加薄。此外,手枪枪管的口径相当小,让人怀疑野猪或熊是否会留下深刻的印象。相反,这样轻盈的伤口可能会激起它的愤怒。

在十七世纪下半叶,在刺刀发明之前,火枪手除了枪支外,还经常配备野猪矛(Schweinsfedern)。这些施韦因斯费登有双重目的:它们可以用作火枪支援而不是旧的火枪叉,并且可以在没有时间重新装填火枪时以方形编队的形式击退骑兵冲锋。

由于这种组合武器的轴相当光滑,并且没有通过旋钮或钉子防滑,因此怀疑这不是狩猎武器,而是为杀伤人员使用而设计的另一个原因。这个带手枪的施魏因斯费德可能是一个士官的武器,也许是一个中士,他不会携带火枪,但不想在没有枪支的情况下在紧急情况下留下。
介绍(英)The blade is lanceolate in its forward part, entirely covered with etched decoration of interlaced strapwork, and with two curved parrying hooks shaped as dolphins in its rearward section. The blade is placed between two pistol barrels, its median ridge is eliminated and changed into a shallow channel on either side aligned with the bore of the barrels. Between the blade and the heavy cylindrical socket are attached the two wheellocks with covered wheels. The folding triggers are halfway down the shaft, inserted into long steel straps covering the pulls of the mechanisms. The shaft is plain and smooth, with a large conical steel mount on its butt end.

It has generally been speculated that the combination of board spear and pistol was designed to be used to break the onrush of the charging board or the rampant bear, and the double pistols could be fired before the animal was received on the blade. However, the blade is unusually thin, and as an accommodation to the bullets fired at the raging animal, its stiffening mid-ridge was supplanted by grooves which thinned the material even more. Additionally, the rather small caliber of the pistol barrels makes it doubtful that a boar or bear would have been much impressed. On the contrary, such a relatively light wound might have inflamed its rage.

During the second half of the seventeenth century, before the invention of the bayonet, musketeers were often equipped with boar spears (Schweinsfedern) in addition to their firearm. These Schweinsfedern served a dual purpose: they could be used as musket support instead of the older musket fork, and they could be used in square formation to repel cavalry charges when there was no time to reload the musket.

Since the shaft of this combination weapon is quite smooth and not made slip proof by knobs or nails, it is another reason to suspect that this was not a hunting weapon, but was designed for antipersonnel use. This Schweinsfeder with pistols might have been the weapon of a non-commissioned officer, perhaps a sergeant, who would not carry a musket but who did not want to be left in an emergency without a firearm.
  大都会艺术博物馆,英文 Metropolitan Museum of Art,是美国最大的艺术博物馆,世界著名博物馆,位于美国纽约第五大道的82号大街。
  大都会博物馆回顾了人类自身的文明史的发展,与中国北京的故宫、英国伦敦的大英博物馆、法国巴黎的卢浮宫、俄罗斯圣彼得堡的艾尔米塔什博物馆并称为世界五大博物馆。