Rowel支线 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	Rowel支线
品名（英）	Rowel Spur
入馆年号	1914年，14.25.1737
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1375 - 公元 1425
创作地区	原产国: 西班牙, 加泰罗尼亚（Country of Origin: Spain, Catalonia）
分类	马术装备马刺（Equestrian Equipment-Spurs）
尺寸	长 7 1/4 英寸 (18.42 厘米); 长 of neck, 3 英寸 (7.62 厘米); 直径 of rowel, 2 7/8 英寸 (7.03 厘米); 重 7 盎司 (198.45 g)
介绍（中）	这个豪华的马刺是由镀金铜合金制成的，上面有一个形状像太阳爆发的大划艇，上面刻着格子图案和一些三叶草。挂钩固定带子的标签涂有黑色和白色或浅蓝色。chequy可能指的是其原始所有者的纹章，在这种情况下，可能是法国德鲁家族或加泰罗尼亚乌尔格尔家族的成员。然而，搪瓷标签的各种颜色也表明，这种图案可能只是装饰性的由于骑士的地位与他的马密切相关，马刺成为骑士精神的象征之一，也是他被封为骑士期间的象征之一。富有的骑士和王子有时会委托制作丰富的例子，镀金、雕刻、上釉，甚至镶嵌珍珠和宝石大约在13世纪中期，西欧出现了第一个在颈部末端带有旋转圆盘或星形的罗威尔马刺。它们与早期的刺状刺共同生活了大约一个世纪，直到14世纪中期，刺状刺在欧洲几乎完全被取代。桨刺比刺刺的优势在于，无论脚的角度如何，它都可以让骑手用其中一个点到达马的侧翼，这对于当时的骑行位置来说非常方便，有着长长的马镫皮和伸展的腿。事实上，赛艇没有直接撞到马，而是滚到了马身上，这也降低了它受伤的可能性。
介绍（英）	This luxurious spur made of gilded copper alloy, holding a large rowel shaped as a sunburst, is engraved all over with a chequy pattern and some trefoils. The tabs with hooks holding the straps are enameled in black and white or light blue. The chequy may refer to the heraldry of its original owner, in this case possibly a member of the French Dreux or the Catalan Urgell family. However, the variety of colors of the enameled tabs also suggests that this pattern may be only ornamental. As a knight’s status was closely related to his horse, spurs became one of the symbols of chivalry, and one of the tokens given to him during his knighting. The wealthy knights and princes would sometimes commission rich examples, gilded, engraved, enameled, or even inlaid with pearls and precious stones. The first rowel spurs, featured with a revolving disc or star at the end of the neck, appeared in western Europe around the mid-13th century. They cohabitated with the earlier form, the prick spur, for about a century, before replacing it almost completely in Europe by the mid-14th century. The advantage of the rowel spur over the prick was it allowed the rider to reach the flanks of its horse with one of the points whatever the angle of its foot, which was very convenient regarding the riding position of the time, with long stirrups-leathers and extended legs. The fact that the rowel rolled against the horse instead of hitting it directly reduced also the probability of injuring it.