| 介绍（中） | 日本剑柄的各个元素在边缘武器史上是独一无二的，因为它们既被视为剑的功能部件，也被视为独立的艺术品。这些元素中最突出的是tsuba，这是一种将剑柄底部与握把顶部分隔开的圆盘状防护装置。tsuba的装饰包含了广泛的主题：自然主义的场景、世俗的故事，以及正如这tsuba所展示的那样，宗教象征
这个例子是用铁做成的，上面凿有高浮雕，上面镀有黄金。它描绘了达摩一生中的一个著名插曲，在日本被称为达摩，传统上被认为是印度佛教的第二十八任祖师，他在六世纪在中国创立了禅宗。茶庵佛教是在印度佛教和中国本土道教的融合中发展起来的，于9世纪传入日本，被称为禅宗，12世纪后在日本蓬勃发展。这个tsuba显示了达鲁马从事扎赞的传奇练习，这是一种静止但自由的冥想形式，据说他在完美的静止中保持了九年。在筑波和其他日本艺术品中，他经常被描绘成这种沉思的状态
艺术家吉弘(喜寛), 本名Noda Uhachi(野田宇八), 是第一代Tsuchiya Yasuchika的学生(土屋安親, 1670-1744年）。他出生在根罗库六(元禄, 1693年），据说死于梅洼二号附近(明和, 1765年）。 |
| 介绍（英） | The individual elements of the hilt of a Japanese sword are unique in the history of edged weapons in that they are intended to be seen both as funtional parts of the sword and as independent works of art. The most prominent of these elements is the tsuba, the disklike guard that separates the base of the blade from the top of the grip. The decoration of tsuba encompasses a wide range of themes: naturalistic scenes, secular stories, and, as this tsuba demonstrates, religious symbolism.
This example is made of iron, chiseled in high relief and damscened with gold. It depicts a famous episode from the life of Bodhidharma, known in Japan as Bodaidaruma or Daruma, traditionally regarded as the twenty-eighth patriarch of Buddhism in India, who founded Ch'an Buddhism in China during the sixth century. Cha'an Buddhism, which developed out of the meeting of Indian Buddhism and the indigenous Taoism of China, was introduced into Japan, where it was known as Zen, in the ninth century and flourished there after the twelfth century. This tsuba shows Daruma engaged in the legendary practice of zazen, a form of motionless and though-free meditation, which he is said to have maintained, in perfect stillness, for nine years. He is frequently portrayed in this contemplative state on tsuba and in other Japanese artworks.
The artist Yoshihiro (喜寛), real name Noda Uhachi (野田宇八), was a student of the first generation Tsuchiya Yasuchika (土屋安親, 1670-1744). He was born in Genroku six (元禄, 1693) and is said to have died around Meiwa two (明和, 1765). |