尼罗河的拟人化 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	尼罗河的拟人化
品名（英）	Personification of the River Nile
入馆年号	2001年，2001.456
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者	Giovanni Volpato【1732 至 1803】【意大利人】
创作年份	公元 1780 - 公元 1800
创作地区
分类	陶瓷-瓷器（Ceramics-Porcelain）
尺寸	整体 (confirmed): 11 7/8 × 23 1/8 × 11 5/8 英寸 (30.2 × 58.7 × 29.5 厘米)
介绍（中）	1785年，乔瓦尼·沃尔帕托在罗马建立了一家生产饼干瓷雕塑的工厂。正如一份幸存的价目表所示，这个将尼罗河拟人化的团体是沃尔帕托工厂最雄心勃勃的作品，也是最昂贵的作品。在沃尔帕托的监督下制作的大多数雕塑作品都是古董大理石的复制品，饼干-瓷器介质非常适合这一目的。尼罗河是梵蒂冈巨大罗马大理石的缩小版，在沃尔帕托时代备受推崇，并且非常忠实于大理石原件；只有基础被简化了，这是规模变化所要求的。这篇作文是对多产的寓言。一个聚宝盆被放在倾斜的尼罗河附近的显眼位置，16个小孩在河上嬉戏，象征着16个测量单位，即所谓的"肘"，河水每年上涨，为周围地区施肥。饼干组合的复杂性在很大程度上是由于孩子们的加入，导致饼干组的价格很高，这是唯一已知的例子。
介绍（英）	In 1785 Giovanni Volpato established a manufactory in Rome for the production of biscuit-porcelain sculpture. This group personifying the river Nile was the most ambitious work made at Volpato's factory, as well as the most expensive, as shown by a surviving price list. Most of the sculptural groups made under Volpato's supervision were reproductions of antique marbles, the biscuit- porcelain medium being ideally suited to this purpose. The River Nile is a reduction of a colossal Roman marble at the Vatican, much admired in Volpato's time, and is remarkably faithful to the marble original; only the base has been simplified, as was required by the change in scale. The composition is an allegory of fecundity. A cornucopia is placed prominently near the reclining Nile, and the sixteen small children who cavort on and about the figure of the river symbolize the sixteen units of measurement, known as cubits, by which the river rose annually, fertilizing the surrounding areas. The complexity of the composi- tion, due in large part to the incorporation of the children, accounted for the high price of the biscuit group, of which this is the only known example.