缓冲箱 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	缓冲箱
品名（英）	Snuffbox
入馆年号	1976年，1976.155.7
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者	Jean Ducrollay【1709 至 1760】
创作年份	公元 1736 - 公元 1737
创作地区
分类	金属制品黄金和铂金（Metalwork-Gold and Platinum）
尺寸	整体: 1 9/16 × 3 5/16 × 2 11/16 英寸 (4 × 8.4 × 6.8 厘米)
介绍（中）	鼻烟壶的基本设计在一定程度上取决于它们的功能。由于吸鼻烟的仪式需要一只手拿着盒子，另一只手拿一撮烟草粉，鼻烟壶必须舒适地放在手掌中。在盒子上使用铰链盖可以最大限度地减少任何溢出，并且盖子必须非常贴合以保持鼻烟干燥。此外，盒子必须以精确的角度打开，以便于取用内容物，同时允许其在盖子抬起时保持稳定。法国金盒制造商在建筑技术方面变得非常熟练，例如，在视觉上没有焊料和精心设计的铰链是十八世纪大多数盒子的标准配置。 Jean Ducrollay是巴黎最优秀的金匠之一，这是他作品的早期例子。就像几年前制作的黄金和钻石鼻烟壶一样，它的装饰反映了新生的洛可可风格，这种风格有利于突出使用卷轴和S曲线以及不对称的构图。尽管鼻烟广受欢迎，而且许多用来装鼻烟的盒子都很美，但鼻烟也有批评者，包括路易十四的嫂子，奥尔良公爵夫人伊丽莎白-夏洛特，她在 1713 年 8 月 5 日写信给她同父异母的妹妹路易斯·冯·德根菲尔德："烟草是可怕的东西。我真诚地希望你不要接受它。看到这里的女人鼻子脏得好像把她们扔进了污秽里，我感到很生气。他们把手指伸进他们遇到的每个男人的鼻烟盒里。我承认这让我彻底厌恶。
介绍（英）	The basic design of snuffboxes was to a certain extent determined by their function. As the ritual of taking snuff required holding the box in one hand while taking a pinch of the powdered tobacco with the other, a snuffbox had to fit comfortably in the palm of one’s hand. The use of a hinged lid on the box minimized any spillage, and the lid had to fit very snugly in order to keep the snuff dry. In addition, the box had to open to a precise angle that would permit easy access to the contents while allowing it to remain stable with the lid raised. The French gold-box makers became extremely skilled in the techniques of construction, as evidenced here, for example, in the visual absence of solder and the beautifully engineered hinges that were standard on most boxes of the eighteenth century. Jean Ducrollay was one of the finest of the Parisian goldsmiths, and this is an early example of his work. Like the snuffbox in gold and diamonds made a few years earlier, its decoration reflects the nascent Rococo style, which favored a prominent use of scrolls and S-curves and asymmetrical compositions. Despite the widespread popularity of snuff and the beauty of many of the boxes created to hold it, snuff taking had its detractors, including the sister-in-law of Louis XIV, Élisabeth-Charlotte, duchesse d’Orléans, who wrote to her half-sister Luise von Degenfeld on August 5, 1713: “Tobacco is horrible stuff. I sincerely hope that you don’t take it. It makes me furious to see the women here with their noses as dirty as if they had plunged them into filth. They put their fingers into the snuff boxes of every man they meet. I confess that makes me thoroughly disgusted.”