扶手椅 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	扶手椅
品名（英）	Armchair
入馆年号	1926年，26.227.2
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1780 - 公元 1790
创作地区
分类	木工家具（Woodwork-Furniture）
尺寸	整体: 35 3/4 × 32 1/2 × 19 3/4 英寸 (90.8 × 82.6 × 50.2 厘米)
介绍（中）	这把扶手椅，即所谓的 fauteuil en cabriolet，有一个略微弯曲的奖章形靠背，以适应人类的形态。这把椅子由山毛榉木制成，就像这一时期的大多数法国座椅家具一样，最初是镀金的，可能是更大套装的一部分。现有记录记录了座椅家具的制作，并说明了此类项目中典型的十八世纪劳动分工。根据严格的法国行会规定，菜单管理员（或细木工）将切割木材以塑造椅子框架的形状并组装它们：他不允许用普通的线条或简单的装饰品来装饰框架。这里的装饰雕刻包括玫瑰花结，鼠尾花，珍珠图案和卷带，是新古典主义风格的特征，将由专业雕刻师或雕塑家完成。镀金大大增加了总成本，而室内装潢通常是最昂贵的元素。如果椅子上有制造商的标记，它通常是菜单管理员的标记。雕刻师、镀金师和室内装潢师的名称通常不为人知。
介绍（英）	This armchair, a so-called fauteuil en cabriolet, has a slightly curved medallion-shaped back to fit the human form. Made of beech wood, like most French seat furniture of this period, the chair was originally gilded and may have been part of a larger set. Existing records document the making of seat furniture and illustrate the typical eighteenth-century division of labor in such projects. According to strict French guild regulations a menuisier (or joiner) would cut the wood to shape for the frames of the chairs and assemble them: he was not allowed to embellish the frames with more than plain moldings or simple ornament. The decorative carving, here including rosettes, acanthus, pearl motifs and coiling ribbon, characteristic for the neoclassical style, would have been done by specialist carvers or sculptors. The gilding added substantially to the overall cost while the upholstery was generally the most expensive element. If a chair bears a maker’s mark, it is usually that of the menuisier. The names of the carver, gilder and upholsterer are usually not known.