路缘石钻头的碎片 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	路缘石钻头的碎片
品名（英）	Fragment of a Curb Bit
入馆年号	1942年，42.50.491
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元 201 - 公元 400
创作地区	发现于: 德国, 萨克森州（Found: Germany, Saxony）
分类	马术器械钻头（Equestrian Equipment-Bits）
尺寸	长 13 1/2 英寸 (34.3 厘米); 重 1 磅 6.5 盎司 (637.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	这个元素是日耳曼路缘钻头的侧环之一，其链条缰绳之一的残骸仍然附着在其上。戒指上的T形钮子用于将缰绳的咬合挂在缰绳的脸颊上。两个大的侧环将通过一个吹嘴和一个直杆连接，作为路缘石（穿过马的下巴下方并在拉动缰绳时按下它）。缰绳的链条的目的是加重它们的重量。就像今天的西方链条缰绳一样，它们可以防止轻质皮革缰绳的振动被马误解为改变方向的要求。沉重的缰绳也阻止了他们在骑手需要双手时越过马头。路边钻头实际上是军事技术的进步，因为它们允许骑手只用一只手很好地控制他们的马匹，另一只手可以拿着武器。这种钻头实际上是安装在类似鼻烟机的钻头上的路边系统。日耳曼人可能从罗马骑兵作战的色雷斯辅助部队使用的路边钻头中汲取了这个想法，并将它们改装在他们的鼻烟上。这些碎片通常在德国和丹麦的沼泽中发现，它们被存放作为祭品。这块碎片是在萨克森州的易北河中发现的。
介绍（英）	This element is one of the side rings of a Germanic curb bit, with the remains of one of its chain reins still attached to it. The T-shaped toggle on the ring was used for hanging the bit from the bridle's cheekpiece. The two large side rings would have been connected by a mouthpiece and a straight bar acting as a curb (passing underneath the horse’s chin and pressing it when the reins were pulled). The chains of the reins had the purpose of weighting them. Like today's western chain reins, they would prevent the vibrations of light leather reins from being misunderstood by the horses as a demand to change direction. Heavy reins also prevented them from passing over the horse's head if the rider needed both of his hands. Curb bits were actually an improvement in military technology, since they allowed riders to have a very good control of their horses with only one hand, freeing the other for holding a weapon. This kind of bit is actually a curb system installed on a snaffle-like bit. The Germanic populations might have taken the idea from the curb bits used by the Thracian auxiliaries fighting in the Roman cavalry and adapted them on their snaffles. These bits are often found in German and Danish bogs where they were deposited as offerings. This fragment was found in the River Elbe, in Saxony.